Differential Long Non-coding RNA Expression Profiles In Brown And White Adipose Tissues

Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of pervasive genes involved in a variety of biological functions. It can serve as key co-activators of proteins involved in transcriptional regulation. We all know that the function of WAT is used as a store of energy, while that of BAT is to burn fat for heat production. Studies have found that white and brown adipocytes both originate from the mesoderm. However, it remains unclear whether lncRNAs function during adipogenesis or in energy metabolism in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT).Objective In order to study whether lncRNAs function during adipogenesis or in energy metabolism in BAT and WAT.Methods get brown adipose tissue from their interscapular region and identify the brown adipose through Immunohistochemical Markers. Then extract the total RNA from the brown adipose and white adipose tissue, and make a quality identification in the meanwhile. Realtime PCR result demonstrated a higher reproducibility of microarray data. To reveal the potential functions of these lncRNAs, we applied GO and pathway analyses to study the differentially expressed lncRNAs. Using bioinformatics analysis and Spearman’s correlation analysis, we predict the potential function of AK142386 and 133540 associated genes.Results Uncoupling protein-1 UCP-1 immunohistochemical indicates that positive deep-colour substance is brown adipose tissue. We used the next generation transcriptome sequencing and microarray techniques, by comparing the differential lncRNA expression profiles in brown and white adipose tissues. We observed 735 up-regulated and 877 down-regulated lncRNAs (fold change>4.0). Realtime PCR result demonstrated a higher reproducibility of microarray data. We found that AK142386 and AK133540 may affect adipogenesis and metabolism by GO and pathway analyses. Our data indicate that AK142386 and AK133540 may be involved in BAT and WAT development through their target genes Hoxa3 and Acad10 which may affect energy metabolism.Conclusion In conclusion, combined bioinformatics with experimental verification, our study show distinct expression profiles of lncRNAs between brown adipose tissue and white adipose tissue which confirmed demonstrated a higher reproducibility of microarray data. Together, we have identified numerous lncRNAs and these lncRNAs can potentially serve as a required component for proper adipogenesis and energy metabolism.