The Clinical Study Of Transcranial Sonography On Parkinson’s Disease And Dystonia

Objective We discussed the value of transcranial sonography （TCS）in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and dystonia (Dys). The echogenicity of thesubstantia nigra (SN) and the lentiform nucleus （LN） were assessed toresearch the value of TCS in differential diagnosis between PD and Dys.Methods TCS was performed on63PD patients and32Dys patients.The SN and LN on TCS were detected. The echo signal intensity of the SNwas classified into grade I~V and the lentiform nuclei was classified intograde I～Ⅲ as half quantitative datas. When the signal intensity of the SNwas grade Ⅲ or more and the signal intensity of the LN was grade Ⅱor more,the signal of the SN or LN was consided to be abnormal. When the echosignal intensity of the substantia nigra or the lentiform nucleus was positivelyinhanced, the hyperechoic area were traced to be measured, the area ofmidbrain， the SN and the hyper–substantia nigra／midbrain (S/M) werecalculated for quantitative analysis.Result Semi-quantitative analysis showed that the ratio of the personswhose SN was positively increased was greater (61.37%,38/63）in PD thanin Dys（12.5%,4/32, x2=19.67, p<0.001); the ratio of the persons whose LN was positively increased was greater（65.63%,21/32）in Dys than PD（20.63%,13/63, x2=17.18, p<0．001). Quantitative analysis showed thatthere was no significant differenses in median and quartile range of the areaof substantia nigra hyperechogenieity in PD and Dys (z=-1.607, p=0.108).The S／M was greater in PD than in Dys (z=-1.977, p=0.048), the area ofincreased intensity in LN was greater in Dys patients than in PD (z=-1.981,p=0.048).Conclusion The hyperechogenicity of SN and LN on TCS couldprovide useful information on differential diagnosis between PD and Dys,as well as S/M.