Research On The Influence Mechanism Of The Empowering Leadership By The Head Nurse On The Turnover Intention Of Nurses

ObjectiveThe Purpose of this study was to set up the theoretical model of leadership empowerment impact on the nurse turnover intention for the manpower resource management reference in hospitals to reduce nurses turnover intention and the leave of the nurses by investigating turnover intention of full-time nurses from 3 Class Three Level A hospitals in Chongqing,and analyzing the factors of turnover intention and validate the relations hypothesis among the empowering leadership, psychological empowerment, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention.MethodsConvenience sampling method was used to choose 500 nurses from 3 Class Three level A hospitals in Chongqing city. These nurses were surveyed by the general demographic characteristics of questionnaire, empowering leadership scale, psychological empowerment scale, organizational commitment scale, job satisfaction scale and turnover intention scale. SPSS 19.0 was used to collect and analyze data. Statistical methods used in this study include descriptive statistics, spearman correlation, variance analysis and regression analysis, etc. The theoretical model of leadership empowerment impact on the nurse turnover intention was verified by Hierarchical linear modeling.Result1. Descriptive analysis of demographic variables and the result of variance analysisAccording to univariate analysis,the factors associated with the turnover intention were marital status, monthly income, monthly income of spouse, education, position and night shifts. Taking the six factors as the independent variable, turnover intention as the dependent variable, multiple linear regression model was established. At last, the marital status, monthly income, night shifts were involved in the equation.2. Descriptive analysis of variables and the reliability and validity analysis of questionnaireThe Cronbach alpha coefficient : The average score of Empowering Leadership scale, Psychological Empowerment scale, Job Satisfaction scale, Organizational Commitment scale and Turnover Intention scale were 3.638±0.918, 3.677±0.583, 3.492±0.687,3.458±0.604 and 2.680±0.932 respectively. The Cronbach alpha coefficient were 0.922, 0.673, 0.778, 0.645 and 0.914 respectively;3. The result of rank correlation analysisThere was a positive relationship between the empowering leadership and psychological empowerment(rs =0.526 P<0.01). There was a positive relationship between the empowering leadership and job satisfaction(rs =0.449 P < 0.01). There was a positive relationship between the empowering leadership and organization commitment(rs =0.364 P<0.01). There was negative relationship between the empowering leadership and turnover intention(rs =-0.175 P<0.01). There was negative relationship between the psychological empowerment and turnover intention(rs =-0.247 P <0.01). There was negative relationship between the job satisfaction and turnover intention(rs =-0.550 P <0.01). There was negative relationship between the organization commitment and turnover intention(rs =-0.439 P < 0.01).4.The analysis of Hierarchical linear regression test the mediation variablesAccording to the Hierarchical linear modeling, Psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and organization commitment are the complete mediation variables between empowering leadership and turnover intention.ConclusionThere is a significant difference between the personal characteristics of nurse and the turnover intention. The marital status, monthly income, night shifts are closely related to their turnover intention. Caring the married nurses, increasing the monthly income and reducing the amount of night shift are the effective methods to reduce the nurses’ turnover intention.There was a negative relationship between the factors, including empowering leadership, psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and organizational commitment and turnover intention.( P < 0.01).The high level of psychological empowerment, Organizational commitment and job satisfaction contribute to reducing the nurses’ turnover intention. The most significant factors are organizational commitment and job satisfaction. There was a positive relationship among the psychological empowerment, psychological empowerment, organizational commitment and job satisfaction(P<0.01). They influence each other.The head nurses’ empowering leadership has impacts on the nurse turnover intention by psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and organization commitment. So psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and organization commitment are the complete mediation variables between empowering leadership and turnover intention.