| Food safety is an important part of public health. It is not only related to people’s health and safety, but also affects to the country development of economic and social harmony and stability. It will lead to different levels of food borne diseases that endanger people’s lives and safety, and increase the burden on medical resources,and even lead to the rise of national financial expenditure. In the complex circumstances of food market, measures should be taken such as popularizing the food safety knowledge, enhancing people’s awareness of food safety, and improving health behavior which is an general method of resolving the problem of food security underlining the initiative of consumers to part in the food safety management.Objective:In order to understand the situation of food safety knowledge, attitudes and behavior(KAP)among the residents in Chaoyang District, Changchun, analysis the influence factors, and explore the effective means of intervention through the results of the survey to provide a scientific basis and policy recommendations for health education department to carry out food safety knowledge training that enhance the residents’ food safety knowledge, attitude and behavior.Methods:A household survey was carried out with cluster sampling among the 400 residents in Chaoyang District, Changchun. The survey included the general situation of residents, food safety knowledge, food safety attitude and food safety behavior, etc.The software Epidata 3.1 was used for data input and SPSS17.0 for data processing.In order to understand the residents’ food safety knowledge, attitude and behavior status, descriptive method was used. With T-test, Variance analysis, LSD test and Chi-square test were used for univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. The mediating effect analysis and four quadrant analysis was respectively used for relation analysis and determine the food safety education focus groups.Results:The average knowledge awareness rate was 69.80% of residents in Chaoyang District on food safety, the awareness rate of each question between 37.5% to 95.2%,the correct rate of attitude related to food safety was 51.2%~93.2%, and food security related behavior correct rate was 10.8%~87.0%. There was statistical significance on food safety knowledge and attitude between the residents who have occupation or not(p<0.05). And there were significant differences on food safety knowledge and behavior of the residents in different areas(p<0.05). Hierarchical regression model showed that R2 increased from 0.115 to 0.150 after the addition of food safety attitude,the relationship effect between food safety knowledge variables and food safety behavior was reduced from 0.268 to 0.212 at the same time. F test for ΔR2 value is15.932, P = 0.001. The intermediary effect analysis showed that the residents’ food safety related behavior was affected by two aspects including the knowledge and attitude of food safety. And food safety attitude plays an intermediary role in food safety knowledge and behavior. The four quadrant analysis showed 40.25% fall into the 1st quadrant, including 78.88% of food safety to a positive attitude, and health education exemplary leader.19.50% of people fall into the second quadrant. These people need to enhance the good behavior of food safety knowledge education. 18%of all the people fall into the third quadrant, and they are the focus that health education should be done. 22.25% of people fall into the quadrant IV, and 56.18% of them have correct attitude of food safety. This part of people with good knowledge and attitude but did not appear corresponding behavior changing, and weaken the factors that affect the correct behavior is an important way to encourage goodbehavior.Conclusions:1.There is a small gap in Chaoyang District between residents on food safety related knowledge awareness rate and “The food safety publicity and education work summary(2011-2015).2.Remarkable difference among each question correct rate of food safety attitude and behavior. The independent influencing factors of the knowledge, attitude and behavior on food safety related to the occupation and the place of residence.3.Food safety attitude plays an intermediary role in food safety knowledge and food safety behavior.4.Four quadrant analysis showed that the proportion of the population in the first quadrant(knowledge and behavior are better) still needs to be improved. Intervention strategies should be provided according to the characteristics of different quadrant,and residents food safety KAP level should be promoted as soon as possible. |
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