The Research On Early Life Health Management Knowledge-attitude-practice And Influence Factors Among Mothers

Objective: To study the status and main influcing factors of Early life health management “knowledge-attitude-practice”(KAP) among mothers of 0-2 year-old children;What’s more,in order to provide evidence to improve the mothers’ Early life health management level,we analyzed the relationships between the mothers’ status of Early life health management KAP and pregnancy outcomes(pregnancy complications, delivery method, birth weight and birth condition, etc.and children’s growth and development.Methods: This study used multi-stage stratified random sampling method.According to the regional distribution,we picked up three cities(Hefei, Fuyang and Wuhu) in Anhui province,each city randomly select a district,and randomly selected two community health service centers in each district.Self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate mothers of 0-2 year-old children which came to take vaccination and child physical check for their children.The questionnaire mainly included the basic and pregnancy-related situations of mothers, the health management KAP in pregnancy and postpartum,and the puerperae’s knowledgement of community medical institutions in each community.The statistical analysis was performed with Epi Data 3.0 and SPSS16.0.Results:(1) the study distributed 1050 copies,and 1019 copies were valid in all,,the valid response rate is 97.1%. A total of 1019 questionnaires, including 422 cases in Hefei(41.4%), 333 cases(32.7%) in Fuyang, and the other 264 cases in Wuhu.The age of respondents were between 19 and 45 years old(y),and the average age was(28.37±3.82)y;The childbearing age was 19 and 45 y,and the average age was(28.37±3.82)y.Age of the children be surveied was between 1 and 24 months,the average number was(10.97 + 8.53) months.656 cases(64.4%) of urban householde were studied, while 363 cases(35.6%) of rural householder also be analyzed;922 urban cases(90.5%),and 97 rural cases(9.5%).The levels of education were mainly bachelor(26.2%) and college(24.9%);The career were mainly unemployed(41.4%) and company staff(22.5%);cultural degree of rspondents’ husbands were mainly bachelor(29.3%) and college(23.1%), The husbands’ occupations were mainly company staff(37.8%) and other professional(37.2%).The average income of family were mainly 3000-5999 yuan(42.6%) and 6000-9999 yuan(25.0%) 726 cases(71.2%) lived with a medical distance < 5 km.Pre-pregnancy BMI,included 212 thin cases(20.8%), 722 normal cases(70.9%),66 overweight cases(6.5%) and 7 obesity cases(0.7%).The average weight gained during pregnancy was(15.71±9.28) kg, with 44.7% cases gained weight >15 kg.A incidence of low birth weight was 1.8%, the incidence of macrosomia was 5.8%, cesarean delivery rate was 51.9%.(2) The average score of pregancy knowledge was(23.30±7.389), the pass rate was 40.3% in total, while 47.6% in Hefei, 26.7% in Fuyang and 45.8% in Wuhu;Besides,average score of attitude was(46.41±4.952) during pregnancy, limitation of smoking and drinking was the most important factor. Average score of postpartum knowledge was(21.91±8.799), the pass rate was 36.6% in total,with 49.3% in Hefei, 17.7% in Fuyang and 40.2% in Wuhu;average score of attitude was(34.34±3.603), impact of breastfeeding worked most.Cultural degree, husband’s cultural degree, profession, husband’s profession, recent medical distance, average family income, and whether they participated in pregnancy school were important factors affecting knowledge and attitude score.(3) In our study,passive smoking rate during pregnancy was 48.1%, Antenatal Examination Rate(AER)≥5 was 92.0%,Postpartum Visit Rate(PVR) was 76.3%, 18.3% participated in pregnancy school, exclusive breastfeeding rate was 61.9%, planed immunization rate was 97.6%, regular physical examination rate of children was 37.6%.The region,cultural degree, husband’s cultural degree, knowledge score and whether the community provide services were the main factors influencing mothers to accept health care services.(4) Vaccination(87.7%) and establish archives(73.9%) were main maternal and infant health care services provided by community medical institutions,but the community medical institutions had to face the lack of health education and dissatisfaction ofmothers on their service qualities.Conclusion: This study found that the early life health management knowledge score of mothers was low, and the health consciousness on early life and adulthood health of children was lacked.Besides,early life health management behavior was affected by various factors.Government, community medical institutions, families and mothers should make joint efforts to explore the effective health education and intervention measures to improve mothers’ consciousness of early life health management and the level of utilization of maternal and infant health care services.