| [Objective]To evaluate the joint spaces and condylar morphology among different vertical skeletal patterns to compare condylar position and morphology.[Materials and Methods]Diagnostic cone-beam computed tomography images of 80 adult patients (160 temporomandibular joints) who visited the Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University were evaluated using Mimics 16.0 software. The subjects were divided into four equal groups based on angles classification and Frankfurt Horizontal plane-Mandibular plane Angle. Group â… included skeletal Class â… normodivergent patients whereas Group â…¡, â…¢, and â…£ were skeletal Class â… , â…¡ and â…¢ hyperdivergent patients respectively. Temporomandibular joint spaces, depth of mandibular fossa and condylar morphology and asymmetry were compared among the groups.[Results]1.Significant difference values were seen in the anteroposterior diameter of condylar process on right (p=0.005) and left (p=0.011) side, mesiolateral diameter of condylar process on left (p=0.008) side, lateromedial plane angle of condylar process right (p=0.004) and left (p=0.00) side, axial condylar angle right (p=0.011) and left (p=0.001) side and the anteroposterior difference of the condylar processes (p=0.002) among all the four groups i.e. class â… normodivergent group and class â… , â…¡ and â…¢ hyperdivergent groups.2. Anterior joint space on both right (p=0.037) and left (p=0.04) side, superior joint space on left (p=0.30) and posterior joint space on both the right (p=0.013) and left (p=0.01) sides were found to be significantly different. This data suggest that the condyles in class â…¡ hyperdivergent patients are nonconcentric than the class â… hyperdivergent patients.3. The mean anteroposterior diameter of the class â…¡ hyperdivergent patients was R=4.33±1.56, L=4.24±1.64 and class â… hyperdivergent was R=5.37±0.84, L=5.25±1.24. The mean mesiolateral diameter of the class â…¡ hyperdivergent group was R=10.90±3.23, L=10.00±2.84 and class â… hyperdivergent group was R=12.57±2.90, L=12.10±1.19. These significant differences and mean values indicate that class â…¡ hyperdivergent patients have a smaller and narrower condylar morphology than the class â… hyperdivergent patients.4. The axial condylar angle value was slightly flatter in class â…¢ hyperdivergent patients (R=20.72±5.29, L=19.07± 4.89) than class â…¡ hyperdivergent patients (R=24.76±5.20, L=24.57±.5.21). This also indicates that the class â…¢ hyperdivergent patients are more asymmetric than class â…¡ hyperdivergent patients.5. Convex shape of condyle was found to be the most prevalent among all groups.[Conclusion]Abnormal condylar morphology was seen among the normodivergent and hyperdivergent groups. Class â…¡ hyperdivergent patients have a smaller and narrower condyle than skeletal class â… normodivergent and skeletal class â… ad â…¢ hyperdivergent patients. Asymmetry was also found among the groups with skeletal class â…¢ being the most asymmetric among all groups. The convex condyle shape was the most prevalent in this study irrespective of the skeletal class and vertical skeletal pattern. |
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