Comparison Of The Effects Of Pressure Ulcer Prevention By Using Two Different Kinds Air Mattress With Different Interval Time In The Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective:Aimed to improve the quality and efficiency of care by evaluating the effectiveness and feasibility of two kinds of air mattresses and different repositioning interval in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods:180 cases of severe traumatic brain injury patients who were at high risk of pressure ulcer were recruited in this research. They were randomlyassigned into six groups by SPSS generated random number table: A、B、C、D、E and F. The A、B and C groups accepted the static air mattress and the repositioning interval was 2h 、 3h and 4h respectively, while the D、E and F groups accepted the dynamic alternating air mattress and the repositioning interval was 2h、3h and 4h respectively. The incidence of pressure ulcer and pressure ulcer pre-performance(mild skin redness can fade performance or reduced pressure after 30 minutes) were recorded before each reposition during the observation of 72 h. Nurses assessed the risk factors of the pressure ulcer during the every 8 hours.Results:1. No significant difference was observed in the incidence of pressure ulcer between six groups(p>0.05).2. There were significant difference between six groups after the same observation period. By comparing the incidences of pressure ulcer pre-performance after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h in two groups with the same reposition interval time: B vs E、C vs F, we found that the pressure ulcer pre-performance was more frequently occurred in the group using the static air mattress respectively.As follows:within 24 h,B vs E χ~2=7.937,P<0.05;C vs F χ~2=5.079,P<0.05;within 48 h,B vs E χ~2=7.177,P<0.05;C vs F χ~2=5.079,P<0.05;within 72 h,B vs Eχ~2=11.429,P<0.05;C vs F χ~2=4.444,P<0.05;3. The age( >60 years) and mattress type(static air mattress) were the risk factors of pressure ulcers pre-performance.Conclusion:Both types of the air mattresses can effectively prevent pressure ulcer inpatients with severe traumatic brain injury. The repositioning interval can be extended to 4 hours if the patients lying on the dynamic alternating air mattress, that means lightening the workload of nursing staff without increasing the incidence of pressure ulcer.