| There has more than 100 years after the Opium War until the outbreak of the war of liberation. Imperialism through various means, to grab rivers navigation right, such as unequal treaties and the threat of force. They want to have a monopoly of Inland river shipping industry in our country. This article consists of three parts:The first part, describing the development of Inland river shipping status of Qing dynasty before the Opium war. To explain the loss reasons of Inland navigation rights.The second part, explaining the Powers to grab Yangtze River Inland navigation rights in our country. When the government of the late Qing Dynasty, Its still stopped in the self-sufficient natural economy as the main social threshold. Many western countries have entered Capitalist society, they used machine instead of manual labor to product mass of production. The late Qing Dynasty was a humongous and ignorance government. They had been invaded and robbed for many Imperialist powers. To attract huge profits, Imperialists started the Opium war. The War has changed the situation of social development of old China. After the Opium war, China was opened the door. Powers grabbed Cities along the coast, and Inland river navigation of our sovereignty through many unequal treaties, such as "Treaty of Nanking", "Treaty of Ai hui", "Treaty of Yan tai," "Treaty of Ma guan" and a series of "Treaty rules covering treaty". All of treaties. Especially the loss of Yangtze River Inland navigation rights, the Yangtze River shipping industry almost had been looted under the Powers fighters ravaged.The third part, analyzing the Powers of the modern shipping industry in China under the aegis of inland navigation privileges. The aim to grab Navigation rights was to rob China’s shipping industry. Shipping developed has a close relationship with business. Powers was grabbed Yangtze River Inland navigation rights with a strong military power as the backing. At the same time, there were some help and cooperation from local officials and compradors. All of them had Contribute to the Imperialism. They could freely plunder domestic resources. To dump goods in the mainland of China. In order to control the domestic market effectively, Powers set up the Inland shipping companies one after another and they opened the regular line in our country. The ship flag of Imperialism throughout the Yangtze river for half a century. Also they used their management means to win over Chinese,and they always monopolized the Yangtze River shipping. Chinese business has been a great destruction.American Q i Chang shipping company was first established in the Yangtze River in the 1860s, Through a variety of means of management, it has monopolized the Yangtze River shipping in recent ten years. Then the British Jardine shipping company and Swire shipping company had an absolute advantage. Their business position was more than American in the Yangtze River shipping company. They were not only controlled our coastal route, but also controlled main volume accounted for more than half on the Yangtze river. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Japanese shipping forces had a rapid expansion. With the help and support of government. It Has established the NYK, Osaka, Hunan, East and other shipping companies. The claws stretched over Yangtze River. It encouraged them to plunder domestic market and mineral resources in China. In order to enhance its shipping forces with the other powers for shipping rights, Four shipping companies merged to form the larger The shipping company. They had a fierce competition with the British merchant shipping companies in the Yangtze River route. Before the outbreak of the first world War. It had appeared Britain and Japan dominate the situation in the Yangtze River route. Under the invasion of powers, the development of modern Chinese national industry has stumbled. From the Opium war to the end of the Qing Dynasty, Imperialism had been monopolized Inland river shipping industry. The original old sailing shipping industry had been seriously destructed and damaged. In order not to made us benefits of River and Sea for the foreigner. To recover economic rights. New shipping industry - China Merchants Steamship Company was bom in semi-colonial and semi-feudal society of old China. Because of the interests contradictions, Foreign shipping forces joint together to exclude and suppress our new shipping industry. In order to survive and develop, China Merchants Steamship Company and Powers reached contract price with a compromise and competition. The contract price won a reprieve for the development of China Merchants Steamship Company which shipping industry had been monopolized by Imperialism Powers. China Merchants Steamship Company was difficult to grow in the Powers of cracks.In a word, The loss of the right of the Yangtze River Inland navigation had deep social roots. Foreign shipping Company forced the Yangtze River, to broke the traditional transportation pattern of the Yangtze River. It has had an impact on the development of coastal economic. |
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