The Expectation For Sage Emperor In Classics-mat Lecture And Daily Lecture Of Ming Dynasty

Classics-mat lecture and daily lecture were important ceremony and institution used to enhance emperors’ education. Among them, the ceremony of classics-mat lecture was grave but short; yet the ceremony of daily lecture was simple and convenient, it emphasized on learning efficiency and actually became the primary forum for emperors to learn in Ming Dynasty. During Jiajing period, the lecture on Extend Meaning of the Great Learning(大学衍义)and Against Luxurious Ease Hall(无逸殿)appeared, based on the classics-mat lecture and daily lecture, but it was just a temporary move.Most of the "classics-mat officials" were veteran lecturers full of learning, they were so important that had exalted level. The contents of the lectures were Confucian classics、mirror classics、the King Theory、dynasty records and so on. The lecturers hoped that the emperor could keep just mind and noble virtue, know the continuation of history and the statecraft through learning the lectures.As the audience of the lecture, the emperors of Ming Dynasty were limited by ancestors’regulations and public opinion, faced courtiers’intendance, so they could insist on lectures for a long time and didn’t do particularly outstanding in politics, slack, inaction even act absurdly were often seen. They were far from sage emperor which the scholar-bureaucrat expected.