A Study Of Code-switching In GoLaLaGo From The Perspective Of The Markedness Model

The markedness model, put forward by Myers Scotton, emphasizes to the study of codeswitching from the perspective of cognition, holding that code-switching is a tool of negotiating interpersonal relationship. In terms of markedness model, code-switching is the rational act of interlocutors, who value cost-benefit analysis. Thus, the choice of codes is closely related with intentions. In general, speakers’ goals are to enhance rewards and minimize costs, that is to say, to optimize outcomes. Therefore, the reason why interlocutors make code-switching is to get benefits, and accomplish individual social motivations. Since 1960 s, code-switching has aroused many scholars’ attentions, and they tried to study it from different perspectives like sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, discourse analysis and pragmatics to study its classification, structure or psychological motivations and so on. However, there are few studies on social motivations of code-switching in foreign-invested enterprise novels from the perspective of markedness model. In addition, no scholars make reclassification to the classification made by Myers Scotton according to the characteristics of different research objectives. Accordingly, the dissertation aims at coping with two questions. what categories of code-switching are applied in Go La La Go from the perspective of Myers-Scotton’s markedness model? what are the social motivations for each category of code-switching?On the basis of quantitative and qualitative methods, the dissertation studies on the classification as well as social motivations of code-switching in foreign-invested enterprise novel Go La La Go. Research objectives are code-switching collected from the novel, and context information and character introduction will be given to conversation-oriented codeswitching.First of all, the dissertation studies the classification of code-switching, which involve three types in total and they are unmarked code-switching, marked code-switching and dual marked code-switching. According to the analysis of research objectives, Myers-Scotton’s classification fails to explain some code-switching phenomena, thus, dual marked codeswitching is put forward by the author to replenish and enrich Myers-Scotton’s classification, which occurs when the speaker and the hearer fail to come to the consensus about whether code-switching is marked or unmarked, and is a win-win policy for the interlocutors to accomplish his communicative intentions.Secondly,the dissertation studies the social motivations of code-switching in the novel based on markedness model.A scholar has ever used markedness model to classify social motivations into 17 types.However,it can’t explain code-switching of this study.Therefore,starting from the characteristic of the research objective,the author analyzes the social motivations from the scratch.In total,there are 11 types,which are sticking to original language,economic principle,highlighting contemporary language feature,reflecting foreign corporate culture,technical terms,creating humorous atmosphere,shortening social distance,euphemistic tone,emphasizing the key point,semantics maximization and win-win strategy.For instance,in the sentence“被炒也算是deserve it。”,its social motivation belongs to euphemistic tone in order to lower the power of invasive language.Besides,in the sentence“两人很快就混得N熟了。”,code-switching happens due to the use of the letter“N”,which maximize the meaning the author wants to express.Thus,its social motivation comes to semantics maximization.