Research On Russian Borrowings In The Chinese Language

Language is not only the means of communication, but also an important carrier of a culture. It is a special social phenomenon. Any language is always developing and changing together with the development of the society, it is also influenced by the changes in interpersonal relationships. Vocabulary is an important part of a language; it is more prominent in the embodiment of language change. The development of economy, the progress in science and technology, the change of cultural life, and even the changes in the mentality, human thinking, concepts and mindset can be reflected in the vocabulary. Borrowings are one of the most vivid expressions of those changes. Because of the rapid development of this world, of the society, China is becoming closer and closer to other countries, and because of this borrowings from other languages have become an essential part of our lives. In this paper we are taking a closer look at the Russian borrowings in the Chinese language.The first chapter is the introduction. It introduces why we have chosen this topic, current situation of the borrowings in the Chinese language, the aim of our research and its methods. In the second chapter we are giving the definition and classification of borrowings in the Chinese language, the reasons for borrowings to enter the language and their influence on today’s Chinese language. The third chapter is the classification of Russian borrowings in the Chinese language. Here we give the classification from the point of view of form and content, paying attention to their characteristics and peculiarities. From the point of view of the form we devided borrowings into4groups:word transliteration, translation and transliteration, transliteration plus semantic and semantic borrowing. In the classification from the point of view of the content we introduce the political, military, economic and cultural source borrowings, technology and science class, the daily life, animal and plant names class, currency and quantifiers class borrowings.The fourth chapter is giving the analysis of the development and change of Russian borrowings in the Chinese language, analyzes the reasons of the disappearance of some of them from the language and the reasons for their entering the language. Also it describes the cultural significance of the words of the Russian origin.