The Study Of The Eighteen Bachelors Of Qin In Early Tang Dynasty

The Eighteen Bachelors were nineteen (After Xue Shou died, Liu Xiao replaced him) ethical and competent scribes, who were chosen from Literary Institute of Qin by Li Shimin. Early Tang Literary School was the major field of the development of political, culture, etc. in early Tang. Bachelors of early Tang were the constitutor and operator of the emperor’s culture and political policy. They had major influences on the political and culture field.The article chooses Eighteen Bachelors as the primary objects of study. Firstly, the article introduces the scribe group in details, organizes the group members’achievements, and tests the problems found in some of the documents. Secondly, the article analyzes the backgrounds and origins of the Eighteen Bachelors. In turn, explained the reasons that the Eighteen Bachelors come into being from four aspects. Thirdly, the article analyzes several literary activities the Eighteen Bachelors participated in, such as compiled books, Confucianism renaissance, and composed history books, etc. through giving examples of specific works of specific writers. The article also analyzed the positive reinforcement of the group members’poem on helping poetry of Tang Dynasty became mature; in turn, explained its influences and achievements on the literary development of Early Tang Dynasty. Meanwhile, the article also analyzes the political achievements of the Eighteen Bachelors.After introducing the Eighteen Bachelors’member’s background, forming reasons, and major achievements, the article studies the two-way relationships between the members and Li Shimin, its organizer and leader:on one hand, for Li Shimin, the Eighteen Bachelors played major roles on the culture side of the government, such as draft proclamations, answered questions, and academic consulting and so on. Meanwhile, the Eighteen Bachelors influenced the political world through giving suggestions, formulating and executing policies, etc.. In addition, they were the backup talents Li Shimin chosen for his prince and himself. On the other hand, Li Shimin treat the Eighteen Bachelors with full respects, appointed them on the proper positions. From the background, experiences and knowledge structure of the Eighteen Bachelors, it was very clear that Li Shimin hoped to strengthen himself through them. In addition, the article compares the Eighteen Bachelors with "Jingling Eight Friends" in Weijin period, Bachelor of Beimen, Bachelor of Zhuying, Bachelor of Jinglong Literary Museum, Eighteen Bachelors of Kaiyuan, and Eighteen Bachelors of Tiance; analyzes their different achievements in political and literary area, and analyzes the reasons why the differences existed through the aspects of leadership, members’mentality, historical environment, etc.. In the end, the article studies the influences of the Eighteen Bachelors on later ages. For literature system of Tang Dynasty, the Eighteen Bachelors made the emperors in later ages to pay attention to the function of bachelors and cultural administration, feudal society of Hong Wen, Jixian Institute, etc. came into being. In addition to inherit the basic functions of the Eighteen Bachelors, the later literature bachelor appointment and influences had further development. The literature system had more improvements. The setup of the Eighteen Bachelors, and the attention Li Shimin put on bachelors had major influences on the later bachelors."Eighteen Bachelors to Yingzhou" became a common goal for scholars, the article picks some of the poetry works from scholars in later ages to illustrate the phenomenon. Because of the special treatments the Eighteen Bachelors and other literature school scholars obtained from the emperor, other scholars looked up to them. In turn, their styles of poetry were imitated by scholars. The content of poetries in early Tang Dynasty was mainly giving and response, the achievements were not high, so it had some negative influences on the development of Tang poetry.From the comparison, we came to the conclusions, i.e. the Eighteen Bachelors were formed because Li Shimin needed to strengthen himself, so that he could fight with the prince Jiancheng. Most of them came from noble families, free and smart, brilliant and well-informed, and had the respects from Li Shimin, the Eighteen Bachelors had major influence on the political and literature in Early Tang Dynasty.The study methods of the article rely on historical documents, focus on testing details and combed the sequence of ideas. Meanwhile, pay attention to the application of critical thinking and logic thinking in contrast illustration. The creative part is that through reading historical documents, found the differences between the characters in the <Eighteen Bachelors Picture> and characters in the historical documents, the misunderstanding of the name and nickname of the members and so on. In the illustration of the influences of the Eighteen Bachelors on later ages, the article picks some representative works of later scholars. In addition, the article compares the Eighteen Bachelors with other scholar group in political and literature areas, analyzes the reasons of the differences, to illustrate the scholar groups’ leader and the time environment, and the big influences of the scholars’ common mentality on the nature and functions of scholar group.