| The ocean interacting with land area generate coastal zone, which is in the transition zone between ocean and land area. People pay more and more attentions to study the coastal zone, because there are significant population living in.The changing tempos of the coastline and the coastal landscape can reflect the influential extent of human activity, which direct people reasonable exploitation and utilization of coastal resources, in order to achieve the sustainable use of resources.This study takes some townships at the border of coastal zone in Zhejiang Province as the research objects, we utilized of some technology, such as 3S, to analyze the time-spatial revolution characteristics, spatial pattern and pattern of encircles the sea to make the field at the land coastlines of Zhejiang Province. To reveal the deformation properties and the regularity, to make comprehensive analysis the suitability about the land coastlines of Zhejiang Province.Using the dynamic models of the landscape and the landscape types methods to analyze the time-spatial revolution characteristics and the landscape around the border of coastal zone in Zhejiang Province, then we draw the laws of landscape pattern.Using the qualitative analysis and the coupling model of GIS-Logistic to analyze the evolutive driving mechanism of coastal landscape in south coast of Hangzhou bay. By building the ecological risk index to analyze the ecological risks in Zhejiang Province. Thus, we can draw the following conclusions:(1)The coastlines length and tortuosity of study area decrease, and the Coastlines advance to the sea;The artificial index of the coastlines rose, the The strength of development and utilization increase, and the main diversity enhancement. The spatial pattern of reclamation utilization has a large difference between each other.Between 1990 to 2010, the coastline of Zhejiang province constantly advancing to the sea, which changes faster and faster, and the total reduction is about 116.71 km. The human activities to the coastline make the coastline tends to be flat. The coastlines advance to the sea,and the are of the coastline extended about 1234.98km2, the overall trend of expansion risevolatility. The artificial index of coastline rises 0.09 in the past 20 years, of which the rocky coast exploited for port is the most typical. The development and utilization of the coastline of the main diversity in general showing enhanced. The maximum of development and utilization of strength index is Xiangshan port area,and the minimum are the south bank of Hangzhou bay area and Leqing bay area. 1990-2010, the total reclamation area in Zhejiang reaches 108760 hm2. In the space pattern, The mean patch shape indexes of reservoir area and the port are higher, and the average shape indexes of Coastal industrial land and urban construction land are lower. The aggregation of various types of reclamation are higher, And the highest of the reclamation of diversity index is Ningbo.(2)The coastline comprehensive suitability developed to diversified, and in which the largest is reserve coastline.In the coastlines of Zhejiang province, 4.9% of the mainland coastline in Zhejiang have the priority of developing; 10.3% coastline should be developed moderately; 21.9% coastline is suitable for travel and life; 1.5% coastline should be protected strictly; And 61.4% could be used as reserve bank. The coastline between Pinghu and Haiyan, south of Yong river in Ningbo, Ningbo city coast of the Xiangshan port and Xiangshan coastline etc. have the excellent conditions for port construction, so they can be priority or moderate developed. The coastline of east Haiyan and north-west Cixi are suitable for the development of urban or tourism. Some coastline of east Xiangshan, middle of Sanmen etc., should be protected strictly because of the Special ecological service value.(3)The change in study area was characterized by the increased use of the land for construction and fishery land. Instead, the decrease of other land. The landscape spatial structure show a clear change, fragmentation and diversification is the overall trendThe expansion of land used for construction has prompted a rapid reduction of farmland,the farmland has a net loss of 632.39 km2. Forest and water area show the trend of decrease,but its growth rate has slowed. A larger number of maritime area was occupied, which was used for construction. The areas of beach increases firstly and then decreases. In the nearly 20 years, the fishery land and the unused land show an accelerating expansive trendThe pattern of coastal landscape distribution tended to be fragmented, characterized by the separation of different landscape types and the number of landscape increases. Every mean patch area significantly decreased, from 470.7 hm2 in 1990 to 245.9 hm2 in 2010. The patch density increased from 0.21 piece/hm2 to 0.41 piece/hm2. As the mean patch area decreased and the patch density increased, which led to complexity, in the meantime, the levels of landscapediversity is increasing(4)Landscape changes due to natural and human factors driving in the study area.Which play a decisive role in natural factors are the changes in sea water power deposition and sediment discharge leads to the formation of beach silting and all kinds of salt marsh. In addition, the main reason comes from the human factors. In meso-and micro-scale studies on towns, influence from pure natural driving factors(like climate and precipitation) is weaker than from humanity factors, locational factors like county road has more clear influence on landscape type evolvement, and economy characters like population, industrial level, value of industrial output have stronger driving force on the evolvement of landscape type in coastal town region in south coast of Hangzhou Bay.(5)In the study area ecological risk showed a rising trend, However, The speed of rise has slowed down.In 1990, the main ecological risk grades are extremely low(50.3%) and low(35.94%). In2000, the extremely low and low grade ecological risk areas have been deceased some degree,while the medium grade of ecological risk area have increased significantly. By 2010, the low grade ecological risk area decease still further, and the high and extremely high grade ecological risk areas increase hardly. It embodies in the space that the extremely low and low grade ecological risk areas shrink to upstream during 1990~2010, and the area show a downward trend. The medium, high and extremely high grade ecological risk areas expand to the coastal areas, and encroached the relatively low grade ecological risk area, which is most typical in the muddy coastal plain. The velocity of the ecological risk grade increasing during2000 to 2010 is slower then that in precious decades obviously, which shows that alongside the development of the coastal landscape resources, human being has started to pay attention to the protection of the ecological environment and the coordinated development of economic and ecological environment. |
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