Baconian Method And Its Contemporary Value

The famous thoeries——Theory of Four Idols and Scientific Induction from the book Novum Organumpublished in 1620 were proposed by Francis Bacon the famous English philosopher and writer. Theory of Four Idols is mainly proposed to move away the obstacles in human comprehension. Bacon analyzes four types of vision which often appear and disrupt human understanding and judgment of things and their root causes respectively. Scientific Induction is more than a solution to Theory of Four Idols which in return provides better ways for the utilization of induction to know the world. They are complementary and indivisible. Thus, this article described Theory of Four Idols on the basis of Scientific Induction.Based on the historical and theoretical background of scientific induction, this paper makes a theoretical and practical analysis of scientific induction by studying the related researches and literature. Based on the current research results and the existing findings, the article elaborates on the practical significance of scientific induction to contemporary China from the perspective of Marxism.This article is divided into four parts. The first part is the background part, which states the related researches and introduces the historical and theoretical background of Bacon’s scientific induction. The second part summarizes the premise of induction — fantasy, the correct understanding of things, the criticism for authority, the combination of experience with reason, emphasis on practice and experiment, etc, collection of materials by way of observation and experimentation, arrangement of materials by using "three-table method " was proposed for finishing materials, explore the rejection or exclusion of causal relationship to finally get harvest mainly induction step. The third part analyzes and summarizes the indelible historical contribution of Bacon’s scientific induction from the aspects of philosophy, logic and scientific development research and also points out the historical limitations of induction which denies hypothesis, metaphysics by applying the idea of Marx. The fourth partex pounds the reason why Baconian method can be applied to explore the knowledge of science and technology from the angle that Bacon’s method which attaches great importance to knowledge and practice give great revelation to the development of com temporary China. This paper also states how to explore new theories by applying induction and the realistic significance for China’s theoretical development by taking the example of education. The article also explores the revelation for China’s gradual transition from "Three-table method", focusing on the use of three table method in practice. Besides, Bacon’s critical thinking can shed some lights on China’s reform. The article expounds the realistic value of scientific induction to the contemporary China from the above-mentioned three angles.In the concluding part, the article affirms the positive impact of Baconian induction in both history and the contemporary era and makes a conclusion of the practical significance to the development of contemporary China. It is hoped that more attention can be paid to its modern value.