In The Late Qing And Early Republic Education Problems

Dao-guang period, various contradictions intensified and the social problem increased gradually, impeding the development of the society. Facing the social problems, some people called for a focus on the social reality to solve the social problems and advocated concept of the Statecraft Ideology. The emergence of Huang-Chao Jing-Shi Wen- Bian is the sign of the trend. Furthermore, there are so many Wen Bian including more than 20 kinds of them appeared that it formed a special social culture phenomenon. The articles in Wen Bian covered politics, economy, culture, military, law, diplomatic and other aspects, so we call it the encyclopedia. It provides us with rich rescources and we think it has a high historical value. Due to the special status of education,Wen Bian pay much attention to the education problems by means of collecting a large number of articles and criticizing the education problems, and also put forward some suggestions. So I think it is necessary to research the problems.The problems of Imperial Competitive Examination, promoting school, the new education, the western education and so on was what Wen Bian paid attention to. This article will only discuss the first three aspects due to limited space and information. If the classic Wen Bian is regarded as a whole, we will find that the early understanding of education is shallow, mainly pointing out the disadvantages. With the change of the concept, people began compare our country with the west, and claims learning the west. Therefore, our country’s education problems were constantly changing. As the war began, people’s desire to learn west was more intense due to the increasing influence of the west.In terms of the three aspects involved in this paper, both the problems of the Imperial Competitive, the problems of promoting school and the problems of the new education are closely related to social development for they are a reflection of that era. Before the opium war, roughly speaking, people focused on criticizing the way of officials choosing and the Eight-part essay writing. After the war, people were aware of the advanced western science and technology, proposing to put the western civilization into the test range in order to select talented person. Also, some people advocated promoting school to cultivate more talents for we had only a handful schools in our country. In the process, they realized that schools do not exist in isolation, so they should take some auxiliary measures such as translating western books, constructing the library, sending students. Furthermore, the article also mentions the new education problems, especially the education of the early Republic of China. There were two main problems during this period. One is that the education penetration is low and the other is that the school does not agree with society. According to these conditions, people put forward the implementation of popular education, compulsory education and the idea of pragmatism. Of course, the education problems passed to more people through Wen Bian and affect their ideas to some extent.