The Research For Urban Elderly Leisure Behavior And Influence On The Subjective Quality Of Life

With the abundance of material wealth and the increase of leisure time, leisure isbecoming an important part of public life. Leisure can not only help relax own bodyand mind, relieve stress, but also promote self-development and improvement. Itcoincides with the requirement of improving residents’ life quality, making leisure animportant way in improving residents’ quality of life. In the meantime, our countryhas entirely stepped to the rank of aging countries from the year2000, thus, studyingof the urban elderly leisure behavior and influence on the subjective quality of life hasan active significance for improving their leisure behavior and quality of life.In the past research both at home and abroad, the studies on the relationshipbetween leisure and quality of life tended to select single indicator, rarely combinedsubjective indicators and objective indicators of leisure. Especially in the domestic,almost none of quantitative research has been done to study the impact of leisure onquality of life. On the basis of the summarization of reported results, subjectiveindicators and objective indicators of leisure are combined, studying the influence onurban old people’s quality of life in quantitative methods.Based on the theoretical study, according to the practical requirement, this paperchooses leisure participation, leisure attitude and leisure satisfaction as subjectiveindicators for leisure, taking the use of leisure resources and satisfaction of leisureresources using as objective indicators for leisure, using life satisfaction as criterion ofsubjective quality of life. According to the summary of related research, this paperputs forward six hypotheses of the relationship between the variables of leisurebehavior and subjective quality of life, and builds structural equation models. Then, a questionnaire is designed and the old of Jining city is under investigation for thisempirical research.Using the data from questionnaire, descriptive statistics is analyzed by SPSSsoftware, the characteristic of urban elderly leisure behavior and subjective quality oflife are found as following:In the aspect of leisure participation, among different types of leisure activitieswhich are recreational leisure activity, building character leisure activity,entertainment leisure activity, sport leisure activity and social leisure activity, socialtype of leisure activity is the one which has the highest participation frequency ofurban elderly, then is recreational leisure activity. Overall, the frequency ofparticipating in leisure activities among the urban elderly people is not high enough,keeping the level of sometimes participation.In the aspect of leisure attitude, the attitude differences among leisure cognition,leisure affection and leisure behavior of the urban elderly are not very, and the attitudeof leisure behavior is slightly higher.In the aspect of leisure satisfaction, the satisfaction of the urban elderly inpsychological component, educational component, social component, relaxationalcomponent, physiological component and aesthetic component are in medium abovelevel, the overall leisure satisfaction is relatively high.In the use of leisure resources aspect, leisure resources can be divided intocultural leisure resources, fitness leisure resources, health leisure resources and socialleisure resources according to the function of leisure resources. All the leisureresources except the fitness one are relatively low used by the old of urban.In the satisfaction of leisure resources using aspect, the urban elderly people’ssatisfaction with type&price, convenience&safety is higher than that ofenvironment&cleanness of urban leisure resources.In the aspect of subjective quality of life, the old in urban think highly of theirlife satisfaction and are comparatively satisfied with the current life situation. There are large differences in the average value at all levels of leisureparticipation and leisure resources using of the old in Jining city, while those two arethe most direct reflection of the senior citizens’ leisure behavior, so the analysis ofcovariance is applied to study whether the aged with different demographycharacteristic have significant differences in leisure participation and leisure resourcesusing. It turned out that demographic property is the important factor that affectsurban elderly’ leisure behavior.The structural equation model is tested and revised by the software of AMOS.The revised model shows that both the objective indicator of leisure (the satisfactionof leisure resources using) and the subjective indicator of it (leisure satisfaction) havepositive effects on the subjective quality of life of the old in city.Based on the above analysis, countermeasures are putted forward for improvingurban elderly’ leisure behavior from the aspect of set up hypothesis and those whichare not, in order to continuously improve the quality of life of older people in city.