A Study On State Theory Of Marx And Engels From The Perspective Of The Relationship Between State And Society

Since reform and opening up, China’s economy and society has achieved rapid development, but at the same time, various contradictions have also begun to highlight, national governance is increasingly becoming the focus of attention. It was decided at the Third Plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee that to advance modernization in the State governance system and governance capability. Marx and Engels used their life to create the scientific theory of the state. Undoubtedly, it can provide important value for the practice of State governance in today’s China.The state theory of Marx and Engels is an important part of Marxism. Before their state theory, countless ideologist try their best to explore the secret of the state. Ancient Greek ideologist think that the state is equal to the society from the needs of human life, and think that both the state and the society are based on the common interests of the community groups. The state view of religious theology has realized the separation between the state and society, but the separation makes the state and the society sharp opposition. The state theory based on Social Contractarian. National rationalism and Utopian socialism explore a variety of theories such as society is prior to the state, state determines society, state power will eventually return to society and so on. These state theories all have laid important foundation for the production of Marx and Engels’state theory.Marx and Engels inherited the basis of outstanding ideas and achievements, especially the thought of Hegel, then described their state theory from the perspective of the relationship between state and society. They put forward ideas that civil society decides the state. They believe that the development of productive forces and social division of labor led to the emergence of private ownership cause class differentiation, and then lead to class contradiction and class struggle. In order to make the human society not to destroy itself in these contradictions and struggles, the state is divided as a force from society, and as a class ruling tool and a management institution in the community. With the development of human society, the stste will no longer be necessary, it will be returned to the society as a kind of social management institution.Marx and Engels further analyzed the performance of the capitalist countries and social differentiation, point out that under the capital dominated labor system and bourgeois political power, the degree of separation between the state and society is more and more big with the development of capitalism, and the state is increasingly becoming a violent tool for the bourgeoisie to realize its own rule and interests, increasingly becoming the shackles of the ruled class, all functions of the capitalist countries are served by the bourgeoisie. Through analyzing and revealing the objective laws of capitalist countries and the development of human society, and combined with practice, Marx and Engels explore the path that through the proletarian revolution and the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat to achieve the country’s demise. The real unification of the state and society is the overall development of the society and the individual.The contemporary value of Marx and Engels’ state theory is reflected in its important influence on two aspects. First, it has an important influence on the evolution of the relationship between the western countries and the society. In the opposion of "state supremacy" and "market supremacy". Western thinkers seek the balance of the two under the influence of Marx and Engels, and promote the benign interaction between state and society through the adjustment of the capitalist system. Second Marx and Engels’ state theory has important guiding significance for the contemporary Chinese state and social governance.Under the conditions of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, China’s economic, political, cultural and other aspects all have been greatly developed, the relationship between state and society has achieved harmony. But at the same time, various fields also appeared unprecedented new situation, new contradiction. Whereas country is no longer the alien force above society, it is the tool services for the people, so these conflicts and contradictions can be resolved by system design and policy adjustment of state. In fact, the Communist Party of China has always been committed to the solution of these contradictions. Believe follow the reform ideas of " manage economic activities by society, Standardization of political governance, social self-governance", we will be able to realize the harmonious relationship between the state and the society in the primary stage of socialism. And then we can prepare the conditions for state re-return to the society.