Research On The Effective Mechanism And The Evolution Process Of Social Norms Based On Subjective Game

Social norms are ways of human behaving that formed during the precipitation of the society and human history for a long time. It is used to guide and restrain people’s behavior. But, in recent years, the problems such as the lacking of specification, the weakness of social norms mechanism and so on make social members behaviors misconducts, leading to uncooperative or even betray phenomenon widely existing in social activity aspects.Earlier scholars had made the qualitative and quantitative researches about the nature of social norms, classification and functions from the perspective of the theory. With the emergence of complex systems and complexity science, some scholars began to try studying the role of social norms and how it changes by means of mathematical modeling and computer simulation methods. Presently, most studies are carried out under the condition of the exogenous environment, assuming that every individual has fully and correct understanding and cognition about the objective environment. However, every individual doesn’t share one mental model in the reality. Individual often learns unconsciously and may be different. Their personal views may make their actions locked. Therefore, this article introduces the idea of Inductive Game to research the evolution of subjects under the established rules and to study the subjects’ learning process. Through the study of subject, rules can also be changed and innovated. This is also the course that the mechanism is being effective.This article has studied the common social phenomenon on the basis of the theory of complex adaptive system (CAS), combining inductive game theory with Multi-Agent System (MAS) technology to build the simulation system. We design the mechanism model based on inductive game theory and simulate it on the Swarm platform, and then observe and analyze the result of the evolution of the artificial society mentioned above. The main content of this article is as follows:(1) Introduce the problem and its background we study and make some corresponding introduction for the researches about the problem both in China and abroad and the theory related particularly, including Inductive Game Theory and its learning pattern, the theory of CAS and the method of MAS technology based on CAS and the application of the system.(2) Design the basic model of MAS based on Inductive Game Theory which is constructed by the adaptive agents with "memory". On the micro-level, we can analysis of factors that affect the agents’ cooperation through interactions between the agents; and on the macro-level, we can explore the system characteristics and analyze the endogenous evolution results brought by the common evolution of agents on the low level. With the mathematical analysis, the basic model can be a theoretical foundation to study the evolution of social norms endogenous problem.(3) Apply the prior-knowledge to the basis model for studying the mechanism of social norms. First of all, the concept of the prior-knowledge is given. Then we define two different types of prior-knowledge in the learning process. Then using simulation method, we can analyze the impact of prior-knowledge on the agents’ behavior, which can illustrate the social norms mechanism that belongs to the moral field. Eventually, we make the advice on how to improve the social integrity by setting up social norms.(4) Study the spread and diffusion mechanism and the safeguard mechanism to eliminate the negative effect, which is so called the social norm mechanism and can represent the process of evolution. We can simulate the social real phenomenon by the diffusion mechanism of the negative case in the system and then study the negative cumulative effect of social norms system. And then we simulate the transmission mechanism to promote positive cases, in order to study the solution of how to improve the degree of social cooperation. That shows the practice value of this article.The innovations of this article are following:1) Inductive Game theory reflects the unconscious learning process performed by the agents established on the idea of Inductive Game. This article put forward a new point of researching the mechanism of social norms from the aspect of quantitative study through Swarm simulation platform, which conforms to the social reality more.2) Inductive Game theory assumes that the agents have known nothing about the game his/her played. In this paper we use the terms and extend it to study the influences of the prior-knowledge of the learning process.3) Studying the social phenomena through the simulation process can show the process of innovation of the social mechanism. Finally, the research conclusion can be used to explain the social phenomenon. This is the application of value in this paper, which did not put forward in other literature.Through the study of this article we could draw the following conclusions:1) Emphasizing the moral education to make the social norms becoming the deep values is particularly important. Only if social norms became the inherent requirement of social members, social dishonesty phenomenon could be reduced rapidly.2) The social media has great influence on the atmosphere of the society. Under the same condition of social system, different advocates make different guidance of people recognize, so we need to make sure that the social media may report the social event and social policy correctly.3) When there exists social problems, countries need to formulate policy promptly to safeguard people’s lives and crack down on speculation, and what’s more they should use multi-channel to promote policies and regulations, for insuring everyone knowing it deeply to eliminate negative effect of social norms.