The Study On The Culturable Actinomycete Diversity Of The Saline-Alkaline Soil In Heihe River Basin In Summer

The main purpose of this study was to understand the distribution and diversity of actinomycete in the soil of Heihe Basin, in order to make up the blank of the research resources of actinomycete in this area. In this study, five soil samples were collected from the Heihe River Basin and divided into three types: farmland soil, secondary saline alkali soil and primary saline alkali soil. 342 strains actinomycetes were screened by separation, purification and preservation, ultimately 245 actinomycetes strains were determined by the merger of microscopic examination. Including of Streptomyces, Nocardia, Nocardiopsis, Pseudonocardia, Catellatospora, Herbidospora, Pseudosporangium, Micromonospora, Microtetraspora and Promicromonospora. In which the Streptomyce accounted for 75.1% of other genus, was the dominant genera of actinomycetes. Contain Albosporus, Flavus, Roseosporus, Glaucus, Lavendulae, Aureus, Globisporus, Cinereus, Griseofuscus, Griseorubroviolaceus, Verticillatus, Viridis and Cyaneus. Correlation analysis of five samples of soil salinization properties and actinomycetes bacteria layout simple, the total number of Streptomyces and Pseudonocardia species soil factors affected the most, the pH value of the soil influence greatest of the diversity for actinomycetes.Following the number of different ecological types of actinomycete also the species different, actinomycetes diversity was farmland soil> original soil> secondary soil; Streptomyces diversity was farmland soil> secondary soil> original soil; Rare Actinomycetes diversity was secondary soil> original soil> farmland soil. The different five soil samples isolated actinomycete species the most was No.6-2 soil samples in Gaotai County Luo Cheng Village, the least was No. 6 soil samples in Gaotai County Luocheng Village. isolated actinomycete genus the largest number was No. 5-2 soil samples in Gaotai County Hei Quan Village, the least was No. 6 soil sample in Gaotai County Luocheng Village. High's number one medium isolated actinomycetes the number was the largest in the different 5 kinds of medium, the proline modified medium was the least; proline modified medium isolating rare actinomycetes the number was largest, the glycerol asparagine medium was least.Select 20 dominant strains in the soil which growing distribution and had a special form of the apparent presence or produce various pigment to identify its physiological and biochemical indexes; The results of physiological and biochemical: strains XA07111, XA62230, XA05105, XC62301, XA62317, XC62307, XE62317, XA62301, XE62327, XE62233, XA62302, XC62312, XC52216, XA07112, XA07221 a total of 15 strains can both hydrolyzed starch and hydrolyze cellulose; Strain XD52301, XA52103 and strains XA07112 can produce melanin and H2S; Strains XA62230, XA05105, XD52301, XC62301, XA52112, XA62317, XC62307, XE62317, XA62301, XE62233, XC62312 and XC62316 a total of 12 actinomycetes strains can gelatin liquefaction and also can make milk peptone. Three Strain XA62317, XE62317 and XA07112 had antagonistic for three bacteria strains,the strain XD52301 have antagonistic to Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.A particular strain XA62371 had strongest cellulose hydrolysis at the same time its can produce rich reddish-brown pigment. Preliminary studies of strains of the morphological identification, producing cellulase activity and stability of yield reddish-brown pigment. The results for morphological was judge for the genus Streptomyces Beauveria groups. The results of Cellulase activity produced: the optimal producing the enzyme activity pH was 8.5; optimum nitrogen source was(NH4)2SO4, the best carbon source was lactose, K + having a strong inhibitory effect on the production of the enzyme activity.The results of reddish-brown pigment produced:The optimum pH value was 9;The highest stability of the pigment solution temperature was 80;Natural light had enhance ability to the production of pigment while ultraviolet had Opposite effect;The metal ions Fe2+ had a strong ability to add pigment also the other metal ions has Opposite effect.