Developmental Characteristics Of The Prototype Basin Inthe Caribbean And Its Control Over Oil And Gas Accumulation

The Caribbean plate is limited by the Cocos plate,the Nazca Plate,the South American plate,the North American plate and the Atlantic plate.The periphery of the Caribbean plate is rich in oil and gas resources,but unevenly distributed.The paper takes Caribbean region as the object of study,Studying the tectonic evolution of the Caribbean since Mesozoic,developmental characteristics of prototype basins,Coupling relationship between tectonic evolution and prototype basin development,the evolution of the prototype basin and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation,And has made the prediction of favorable zones.Since Mesozoic,tectonic evolution of the Caribbean can be summarized into four main stages: 1)Jurassic period: The North American plate and the South American plate gradually separated,late Jurassic,the ancient Caribbean trough is basically open,the Caribbean plate began to form.2)Cretaceous period: The ancient Caribbean arc formed and moved toward the northeast,During the Late Cretaceous,the volcanic island of Central America began to develop,the Caribbean plate is separated from the Pacific plate and moved northeast.3)Late Cretaceous-Eocene: The Paleocene,ancient Caribbean arc north east to collide with the Bahamas platform,Late Paleocene,the collision between the ancient Caribbean arc and the North American plate was completed in Cuba.4)Eocene to today: The Caribbean plate was gradually moving eastward with respect to the North American plate and the South American plate.The tectonic evolution strictly controls the development of the prototype basin types of different sedimentary assemblages,and the distribution of the main basin types in the Caribbean plate and its surrounding boundary zones: 1)North margin,The Greater Antilles island arc belt develops foreland basin,back-arc basin and Passive continental margin basins.2)Western margin,Ancient landmass develops back-arc basin and fore arc basin.3)East margin,The Lesser Antilles island arc subduction zone develops back-arc basin,Fore arc basin and Accretionary wedge.4)North margin develops Back arc basin,foreland basin,Passive continental margin basins.5)On the Caribbean Plate main develops ocean basin.Different types of prototype basins have different sedimentary fillingcharacteristics,For example,foreland basins,are mostly clastic deposits?the passive continental margin basins are mostly carbonate sediments,and accordingly control the sedimentary facies development types and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of the basins.Prediction: the foreland basin in the southern margin is rich in oil and gas resources,followed by the passive continental margin basin on the northern margin,while other areas,rift basins,back arc basins and fore arc basins are relatively lacking in oil and gas resources.