Research On The Ice Physical And Mechanical Parameters And Ice Surface Bearing Capacity Of The Kanas Lake In The Xinjiang Uygur Autonmous Region

In cold areas,the ice layer on lakes,rivers and even the sea are often used as temporary roads,bridges,tourist sites,production base and even aircraft landing platform,but frequent ice accidents also restrict the further development of ice activity.For the wide application of ice,the relationship between the critical load capacity and the load should be well defined in order to ensure the safety of activities on the ice.In view of the above situation,this paper depends on the ice tourist entertainment project held in the Kanas Lake of Altay Prefecture in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to determine the bearing capacity of ice through the field test of ice cover in two special periods of the freezing stage and melting stage.The ice temperature field was monitored by using the JMT-36 C temperature sensor and the temperature field data of ice cover on Kanas Lake in freezing and thawing period were acquired,then to draw the temperature change curve of ice layer according to the data.In order to study the mechanical properties of ice layer,the vertical compressive strength,transverse compressive strength,flexural tensile strength and elastic modulus of the ice layer were obtained in the freezing stage and melting stage by the methods of field extracting ice,spot processing and field test.Considering the ice loading condition,the most unfavorable results were selected as numerical simulation parameters and ANSYS finite element software was used to compare the calculation results with foreign empirical data of the bearing capacity of different temperature and different thickness under the condition of ice to determine the ultimate capacity of ice.The test results show that: temperature field of natural ice field was affected by temperature change and temperature change under water.Natural ice showed a inverted "C" type,"C" and "S" type temperature curve in the freezing,melting period with different depth,and “standing stubble ice” appeared in melting stage.In terms of mechanical properties,the lake ice was an anisotropic material;splitting failure,shear failure and bulging damage were the main compressive failure.The vertical compressive strength and transverse tensile strength were relatively stable during the freezing period,and the transverse compressive strength between the upper and lower layers exist difference;In spring,structural of ice layer changes,its strength decreases,water began to appear on the ice due to the ice layer melting,the gradual loss of bearing capacity appeared as well and the ice bearing capacity is proportional to the square of the ice thickness.The results of this study can provide theoretical basis and data support for the safety of ice activity in Kanas lake from the Altay Region in Xinjiang.