The Study Of SRME Apply And Improvement Method In Shallow Water

With the development of the oil seismic exploration,Marine seismic exploration has become an important part of petroleum exploration.Conventional seismic data is a wave as a valid wave,the development of the seismic data processing is also base on a reflection for data.However,the existence of multiple wave in Marine seismic data is very serious,especially the multiple wave related with water layer is most obvious,the existence of multiple wave will largely reduce the resolution of seismic data,interference effectively wave,so how to suppress multiple wave,maximum keep the effective wave is an important part of Marine seismic data processing.This paper research on the current is analyzed multiple wave suppression and the present situation,secondly introduces the geneses of the multiple wave,types,characteristics and suppression methods,overview of multiple wave suppression method.The current multiple wave suppression methods are divided into two categories,one kind is based on the multiple wave suppression filter method,another kind is based on the wave equation of multiple wave forecasting and repression.This article is mainly to the free interface related multiples of eliminating the Surface Related Multiple Elimination(SRME)method to do the research of theories and formulas derived,processing model and actual data.SRME method is through the original seismic record,iteration to predict multiple wave,according to the number of iterations,it can predict the most of the multiple waves,and through the adaptive subtraction,to minus the predict wave from the original data,keep effective waves.When missing the nearly offset data,SRME method can't get perfect elimination effect on multiple wave.So in this paper,design an inverse SRME method,first,predict the missing near offset wave,then use SRME method to eliminate multiple.Principle is made of original seismic data to do correlation processing,reconstruct the missing nearly offset data,by the least square method and root mean square amplitude correction,make predict nearly offset data to match with the original existing data,then the reconstructed nearly offset data can be to fill into the original seismic data,make the seismic data is more complete,it can be achieve more effect in the prediction of multiple wave when use SRME method.This method of reconstructing nearly offset data is different from the interpolation method,it not need a faster route data interpolation according to neighboring information,in the case of large missing offset is still has good applicability.After reconstruction of near offset data do deconvolution can be used for imagery.After the above work,processing the method on the model data and real data,by before and after processing of seismic data contrast can draw,through relevant principle can be reconstruct the nearly offset data,after this is then use SRME method can eliminate multiple wave at sea.