The Application Of (Analogic) Graphene-Self-Doped Polyaniline Composites On Detection And Adsorption In Common Pollutants

With the expanding of urbanization, industrialization and the sustained growth of the use of non-agricultural irrigation water, a great deal of heavy metals ions, antibiotics, toxic dyes and other pollutants were discharged into water environment through sewage and industrial wastewater, which not only caused great destruction for the environment, but also seriously endangered the health of humans and animals. Therefore, the detection and treatment of contaminants in wastewater are essential.The (analogic) graphene material and self-doped polyaniline both have the large π bond conjugated system. If they were combined into a new functional nanocomposite using a certain methods, which could make the performance complementarity of the two materials be realized and enhance the new materials’performance through electron transfer between the (analogic) graphene material and self-doped polyaniline, even it could avoid the appearance of the (analogic) graphene agglomeration effect due to its closely packed structure which lead to the loss of the unique characteristics of single layer of the (analogic) graphene material.(Analogic) graphene - self-doped polyaniline nanocomposites as sorbents and the materials of electrochemica sensor have been drawn persistent attention due to its large surface area, highlighted electrochemical capability and low production-cost. Based on this, graphene oxide-self-doped polyaniline nanocomposite, graphene oxide -self-doped polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel and molybdenum disulfide -Self-doped polyaniline nanocomposite were successfully prepared by liquid phase exfoliation, chemical and free/thaw method, which were applied to the electrochemical detection on heavy metals, antibiotics and the adsorption of dyes molecules, respectively. The results of detailed research are as follows:(1) A novel graphene oxide-self-doped polyaniline (GNO-SPAN) nanocomposite was successfully prepared by using liquid phase exfoliation method. The morphology and electrochemical capabilities of GNO-SPAN nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Due to the GNO-SPAN nanomaterials owning large effective area, highlighted conductivity and admirable stability, it was constructed electrochemical sensing platform to realize high sensitive detection of heavy metal ions and chloramphenicol.(2) A simple chemical and free/thaw method was used to successfully prepare graphene oxide-self-doped polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol (GNO-SPAN-PVA) composite hydrogels. These composite hydrogels could be used as an effective adsorbent of cationic dyes due to its abundant negative charge and large effective area. Thus, we have studied the adsorption and the regenerate adsorption properties of GNO-SPAN-PVA composite hydrogels on methylene blue and Safranine-T dyes which was provided a basis theory for the adsorption of dyes in wastewater.(3) A novel molybdenum disulfide-self-doped polyaniline (MoS2-SPAN) nanocomposite was also successfully prepared by using liquid phase exfoliation method. This nanocomposite has the advantages of large effective area, high stability and good conductivity and adsorption on lead ions. The molybdenum disulfide self-doped polyaniline nanocomposite was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). In addition, it was achieved high sensitivity detection of lead ions due to a large surface area and good synergistic effect of MoS2-SPAN.