Synthesis Of Novel Diesel Cetane Number Improver

Diesel fuel cetane number is an index of diesel fuel combustion and an evaluation of its quality. The higher diesel fuel cetane number is, the shorter ignition delay period, the lower temperature of spontaneous combustion and the better anti-explosion is. It makes combustion more sufficient and more efficient. In order to response the requirement of sustainable development and protect the air environment, efficient fuel combustion becomes a new research hotspot.Cetane number improver could decompose to radicals and oxides when combusting in diesel fuel, then drive chain reaction, shorten the ignition period and achieve the purpose of improving diesel combustion. By now,2-Ethylhexyl nitrate is the most popular diesel fuel cetane number improver. Though it has very well improvement effect, it brings more nitrogen oxides and leads to plenty of waste acids corroding equipments. Thus, searching for an efficient and environmentally friendly diesel cetane number improver is currently a major research topic.Using dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate reacted with isooctanol, cyclohexanol, isoamyl alcohol, methoxyethanol, butoxyethanol under the condition of sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide to get the dialkyl carbonate, respectively. Their diesel fuel cetane numbers were measured, the best result is improving 2.16 units of cetane number when adding 1% di-2-ethyhexyl carbonate. There are no harmful substances when and after combustion, so it's environmentally-friendly, easy to be synthesized, and have a nice prospect.This article explores the N,N-methyl-n-butylimidazolium ionic liquid [BMIM]IM, [BMIM]OH, [BMIM]OAc, [BMIM]BF4, the N,N-methyl-n-butylmorpholinium ionic liquid [Hnmm]IM and N-n-butylpyridinium ionic liquid [BPY]OAc, [BPY]BF4. When dimethyl carbonate and isooctanol molar ratio is 1:3, at temperature of 110 ? and reaction time of 6 h, the conversion of dimethyl carbonate was 96.4%,90.8%,95.3%,26.5%,89.6%,21.1%, 48.7%, respectively, the selectivity of dimethyl carbonate was 68.6%,65.7%,68.1%,44.6%, 58.9%,32.0%,93.6%, respectively.Under the conditions of ionic liquids [Hnmm]IM as the catalyst, at the temperature of 110 ? and reaction time of 6 h, the best molar ratio was 1:4, and the conversion and selectivity was 95.8% and 72.6%, respectively.