The Application Of The Polymer In The Antibacterial And Antifouling Coatings

This paper mainly studies on a hyperbranched polymer, a biodegradable polyurethane and their applications in our lives. The basic process for the hyperbranched polymer’s preparation can be divided into two steps. At first, methylate the hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (HPEI) by Eschweiler-Clark reaction to obtain the methylated hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (MeHPEI). Secondly, link the long-chain alkanes and long-chain alkanes containing epoxy end group to the MeHPEI as the termination chain through the quaternization reaction so that a dyes and antimicrobial agents loadable kernel-shell structure can be gained. The production of each process was analyzed to ensure the production was synthesized successfully. Meanwhile, the dyes loading and release ability of the final production for diffident dyes under different pH environment had been tested in this paper. It can be seen that, epoxy-terminated ampHipHilic hyperbranched poly quaternary ammonium salt (PQAS-1) performed a nice dyes and drugs loading capacity. What’s more, it showed different performances in different pH environment, under the acidic conditions it performed stable relatively while in alkaline conditions the polymer will degradate gradually indicating that this material could have a good potential value in some weak alkaline environment. Also, the betaine group contained polymers processed good antibiotic ability. The loaded drugs will be released slowly under the hydrolysis process playing the role of bactericide. Thus, it is a kind of double efficacy of antibacterial material. The production was mixed with the diglycidyl ether of bispHenol A (DGEBA) in a suitable ratio and the isopHorone diamine (IPDA) was used as the curing agent to prepare the antibacterial coating. The results showed that the coating had a good mechanics performance and excellent antibacterial properties.As for the biodegradable polyurethane, a series of environmentally friendly thermoplastic poly(propylene carbonate) polyurethane (PPCU) were prepared by two-step condensation polymerization and used to fabricate antifouling coatings. The poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) segments served as degradable moieties. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) measurements revealed that the polyurethane could degrade in the presence of enzyme and the degradation rate increases with the decrease of the molecular weight of the polyurethane. Investigation on the hydrolytic degradation behavior and the release rate test of the antifoulants in artificial seawater also demonstrated that the hydrolysis rate and the release rate increased as the molecular weight decreased, which makes the coating controllable at the hydrolysis rate range of 0.012-0.051 g/(m2d). Marine field tests and algae settlement assay tests revealed that the polyurethane coating possessed antibiofouling ability due to its self-renewal property and the release of antifoulants.