| A large number of photo residue would be produced during the process of potato starch production, and they are common be used as simple feed or waste which would cause environmental pollution and waste of resources. Fresh potato residue contains a lot of starch and cellulose which have high value of development and utilization. In this experiment, fresh potato residue was used as raw material, and the starch was decomposed into soluble sugar by enzymatic hydrolysis, then soluble sugar and insoluble dietary fiber were separated by filtration. Soluble fermentation sugar was fermented to get alcohol and saccharomyces cerevisiae. The optimum fermentation conditions of alcohol were determined by single factor experiment, Plackett-Burman experiment and response surface design experiment. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was isolated by filtration from alcohol fermented liquor, and then it was dried to obtain single cell protein. The insoluble dietary fiber was washed, dried and granulated to get different sizes of dietary fiber, and its physicochemical properties were studied. The main results are as follows:1. Technology of potato residue alcohol fermentation. The processing of potato residue alcohol fermentation includes the basic steps such as gelatinization, liquefaction, fermentation. Single factor experiment is used to determine the optimal levels of various factors. The Significant factors of affecting potato residue alcohol fermentation screened by using Plackett-Burman analysis was inoculation amount of saccharomyces cerevisiae, ratio of material to water and fermentation time. Response surface experimental design factors were significant optimization, the results were:Inoculation 5.6%, water ratio was 1:2.8, fermentation time 73h.Under this condition, the ethanol yield of 13.16 (g alcohol/100g potato residue), starch utilization ratio 91.58%.2. Single Cell Protein yield was 1.25%,the crude protein content was39%, the amino acid composition analysis showed that protein composed 17 kinds of amino acids, which contains seven kinds of essential amino acids, SCP amino acid ratio suitable for use as animal feed, especially its lysine content higher than soybean meal.3.Potato residue after saccharification filtered, rinsed and dried to obtain an insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), the yield was 17.85%,83.37% purity. Obtained by granulation with different sizes IDF, the yield was 3.91% granules, coarse powder was 7.27%, fine powder was 4.52%. Comparison of three basic physical and chemical properties of different sizes IDF. By comparison, the level of water holding capacity were coarse powder> granules> fine powder; oil holding force of granular> coarse powder> fine powder;Cation exchange capacity for fine powder> coarse powder> granular; adsorption capacity of sodium bile for fine powder> coarse powder> granular; the adsorption capacity of cholesterol has little difference.The study also found IDF adsorption capacity of greater than soybean oil for lard adsorption capacity, the higher the concentration of sodium cholate, the greater the absorption of dietary fiber on sodium cholate. In vitro experiment found in the intestines of cholesterol adsorption capacity greater than the adsorption capacity in the stomach.The results showed that the potato waste was an inexpensive and high quality raw materials for starch fermentation, and also a potential dietary fiber available resources, comprehensive utilization of potato provide a new way. |
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