Researches On Extraction And Characterization Of Soluble Carbohydrate From Stalk Of Auea Helianthus

Soluble carbohydrate in stalk of Aurea HELIANTHUS was extracted by hot water,then the extraction process,character,separation and purification method,primary structure analysis and function of the souble carbohydrate were studied in this paper.This research will provide new ideas and theoretical guidance for new functional food research development and industrialization.The optimum extraction process of soluble carbohydrate from Aurea HELIANTHUS was obtained by orthogonal experiments.The optimum extraction process were:solid-liquid ratio 1:60,extraction time 2.5h,extraction temperature 90?,While based on analysis of variance table and the economical point of view,the most optimal extraction conditions were solid-liquid ratio 1:60,extraction time 1.5h and extraction temperature 80?.The rheological properties of soluble carbohydrate in Aurea HELIANTHUS stalk showed that solution was a dilatant fluid at low concentrations,and at high concentrations it was pseudoplastic fluids.The viscosity was increased with the concentration of soluble carbohydrate,while it was declined with temperature increasing and the excess acid or alkaline conditions.Campared with isoelectric point method,the protease method and TCA method was used to remove protein from Aurea HELIANTHUS stalk soluble carbohydrate,the results showed that the use of protease method was the best way,the highest removal rate of protein,while ensure more high retention rate of soluble carbohydrate when added amount of enzyme was 2%.Campared with H2O₂ and activated carbon to decolorize from Aurea HELIANTHUS stalk soluble carbohydrate,the results showed that when added H2O₂ amount was 4.5%,it had the highest decolorization rate while the soluble carbohydrate retention rate was also the highest.Adapting DEAE-52 cellulose anion exchange column chromatography to separate Aurea HELIANTHUS stalk soluble carbohydrate,the soluble carbohydrate were separated with deionized water,various concentrations of NaCl gradient elution.Neutral carbohydrate components were eluted by deionized water and acidic carbohydrate components were elutied by 0.2 mol/L NaCl,which were isolated and identified by SephadexG-100.The results showed neutral carbohydrate and acid carbohydrate were pure.IR results showed that purified components,neutral carbohydrate components obviouly contained features absorption peak of carbohydrate.Acidic carbohydrate components contained obvious characteristic functional groups of acidic carbohydrate-uronic acid structure and sulfate structure.Aurea HELIANTHUS stalk soluble carbohydrate and separated components were analyzed by gas chromatography.The monosaccharides composition of soluble carbohydrate mainly contained rhamnose,arabinose,xylose,mannose,glucose,galactose,whose molar ratio was 0.28:0.63:4.87:0.97:5.21:1.Neutral carbohydrate comprising contained four monosaccharides,wherein arabinose,mannose,glucose,galactose molar ratio was 1.28:0.48:7.2:1,its composition was sample relatively.There were five kinds of monosaccharides compound acidic carbohydrate,rhamnose,arabinose,mannose,glucose and galactose molar ratio of 1.57:0.33:0.24:0.43:1,similar to the composition of pectin.Aurea HELIANTHUS stalk soluble carbohydrate and their components have some ability to scavenge againest DPPH·,·OH,O2-·,and have the amount dependence.In general,Aurea HELIANTHUS stalk soluble carbohydrate and acidic carbohydrate components showed higher antioxidant activities than neutral carbohydrate components.The experiment of bind bile acid capacity showed that Aurea HELIANTHUS stalk soluble carbohydrate and separated components had a certain binding ability against three bile salts,while have difference in amount.Overall,the crude soluble carbohydrate have higher binding ability against three different bile acid salt than the components.The crude soluble carbohydrate and two components have stronger adsorption capacity against taurocholate than cholate and deoxycholate.Wherein the neutral carbohydrate binding more cholate and deoxycholate than acidic carbohydrate.