Study On Regional Environment Equity Measurement And Its Influencing Factors

Since the reform and opening up,rapid economic growth has brought about the deterioration of the environment.Economical imbalance and environmental imbalance makes the contradiction accumulated in different regions become increasingly prominent.The study of environmental inequality begins in foreign countries,which focus more on the environmental unfairness of the countries with serious ethnic conflict.While there is no such a conflict of racial relations in China,and the development differences of different areas vary widely in our vast territory,interregional environmental inequality is more worthy of attention.Nowadays the domestic academic and policy has gradually begun to attach importance to environmental issues.First of all,this paper look back through the domestic and foreign literature reviews,and measure the degree of environmental fairness based on income inequality analysis tools.The study constructs Environmental Inequality Index(EII)from the perspective of economic output and constructs Weighted Coefficient of Environmental Variation(CEVW)from the perspective of population weight,and then make analysis from the provincial level and the seven economic regional level.Besides,this paper makes a quantitative study on the environmental inequality within Jiangsu Province and compares it with the social and economic development indicators under the same time scale,and comprehensively analyzes the unfairness of the environment in the region.The results show that there is not only obvious difference in regional industrial pollution in China,but our country also shows the difference of environmental fairness in different regions.Whether from the perspective of provincial space or the Seven Regional(North China,East China,Central China,South China,Northeast,Southwest and Northwest China)perspectives,the regional environmental fairness problem is very serious.Then we analyzed the environmental justice within Jiangsu Province,and found that the CEVw from 2000 to 2014 based on 13 urban population weights and industrial pollution emissions is inverted U-curve.The trend of Jiangsu environmental inequality showed the first increase,then lower,and then gradually tended to be gentle.Secondly,based on the calculation of the degree of environmental fairness,we use the IPAT model,the STIRPAT model and its decomposition model of environmental inequality,and the environmental Kuznets theory.Then we study the relationship between economic growth and environmental inequality,the curve between urbanization and environmental inequality.We use the KAYA decomposition model of Theil Index to determine the influencing factors of environmental inequality.We use the fixed effect model of panel data to study the regression variables of environmental inequality in the provinces by empirical research.The results are as follows:Firstly,energy intensity,economic growth,urbanization rate,industrial structure,population factors have a common impact on the level of regional environmental inequality.From the point of view of the influence coefficient,the energy intensity is the driving factor of the highest contribution rate of the environmental inequality of the sulfur dioxide in the region.The contribution of economic growth,urbanization rate and industrial structure are the second.The impact of the population factor is relatively small.Secondly,apart from the obvious negative effects of urbanization on the degree of environmental inequality,the rest of the factors have a significant positive effect on environmental inequality.Thirdly,we test the applicability of EKC theory in environmental inequality and find that there is no inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental inequality between 2000 and 2012,but a significant linear relationship.The degree of environmental inequality is not only reduced with the development of urbanization,and its rate of reduction will increase with the urbanization rate,the trend will become more and more obvious.In addition,this paper uses K-means clustering analysis method to analyze the clustering situation of economic output,energy intensity and urbanization rate on the basis of revealing the core influencing factors of inter-regional environmental fairness.According to the different categories of K-means clustering results,a more clear trend analysis is made on the environmental inequality of various regions.So that we can provide theoretical support and scientific basis for implementing the corresponding matching environmental policies for different categories of regions.The possible innovations of this paper are as follows:First,the representative industrial pollutants are used to construct the quantitative model of environmental inequality from the perspective of economic output and population weight,and the research perspective is extended.Second,we validate Kuznets theory on the applicability of environmental inequality in the national regional sulfur dioxide emissions,and increases the urbanization explanatory variables to validate the applicability of EKC theory.