Study On Preparation And Properties Of High Oil Absorption Resin

Oil absorbent resin(OAR)is a kind of low-crosslinking functional synthetic polymer material prepared by hydrophobic monomers through the method of organic synthesis.First appeared in 1960 s,it was successfully investigated by Dow Chemical Co and applied for a patent.Afterwards,OAR was successively prepared using long-chain alkyl ester as monomer at the same method by Japan’s Mitsui Petrochemical Company and Catalytic Chemical Industry Company,etc.It has a three-dimensional network structure characteristic as the same as water absorbent resin,while it owns extra characteristics of good high oil absorption,oil-holding capacity,cold resistance,thermal stability,etc.,due to the existence of unique hydrophobic groups.It can be used as a substrate of the treatment and slow release of offshore oil spill.In addition,it can greatly improve the working efficiency of transportation process in the emergency of oil pollution treatment because of its low density and convenient transportation.Due to its numerous advantages in property,it plays a significant role in the field of life,environmental protection and chemical industry,but how to prepare wide applied and high efficient and non-toxic OAR is still an urgent problem to be solvedAcrylate polymer is homo-polymer or co-polymer prepared by acrylic monomer through chemical reaction at a certain condition,which has good oil absorption,water resistance,corrosiveness,adhesion etc.,and the differences in their physical properties are determined by various molecular structures.Due to the high affinity between long chain alkyl and most of oils,in this paper,three kinds of OAR were prepared using different implement methods by long chain alkyl acrylic monomer,and the absorption properties were investigated.Research contents as following:(1)By using suspension polymerization method,high oil-absorbable resin(HOAR)was synthesized with octadecyl methyl-acrylate(SMA)and vinyl acetate(VAc)as monomer,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)as dispersing agent,benzoyl peroxide(BPO)as initiator and divinylbenzene(DVB)as cross-linking agent.The influence of the monomer ratio,the amount of PVA,BPO and DVB and temperatures on the absorption ratio of HOAR for different oils was investigated,while the structure,thermal stability and microstructure of OAR were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),thermogravimetric analysis(TG)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results showed that HOAR has good oil absorption when the monomer ratio(mass ratio of SMA and VAc)was 3.26:1,and the mass percentage of PVA,BPO and DVB were respectively 1.6 wt%,0.8 wt% and 1.2 wt%,while the oil absorption equilibrium value in diesel,toluene,benzene and carbon tetrachloride was respectively 6.71 g/g,6.9 g/g,7.54 g/g and 8.76 g/g;in the meantime,FTIR indicated the synthetic polymer was the co-polymer produced by SMA and VAc through the structure analysis of the product;TG showed the resin basically didn’t decompose below 300℃,which has a wide thermal stability;through SEM,it can be seen many micro-porous structures on the surface of the resin.(2)Rubber modified high oil absorption resin(R-OAR)was prepared in toluene solution by using two-step method solution polymerization,which is based on styrene butadiene rubber(SBR)as the matrix,octadecyl methyl-acrylate(SMA)and vinyl acetate(VAc)as monomer,benzoyl peroxide(BPO)as initiator and divinylbenzene(DVB)as cross-linking agent.Compared with the blank sample,the effect of the amount of monomer,BPO,DVB and monomer ratio on absorption properties was investigated and analyzed,while R-OAR was characterized by FTIR,SEM and TG.The results showed that the absorption improved with the addition of SBR;when the monomer ratio(the mass ratio of SMA and VAc)was 1.5:1,the dosage of SBR was 5g,the mass fraction of BPO1,BPO2 and DVB were respectively 4wt%,0.6wt% and 2 wt%,the oil absorption ratio reached the maximum which was respectively 10.1 g/g,19.74 g/g,23.18 g/g and 30.49 g/g for diesel oil,toluene,benzene,carbon tetrachloride;FTIR result showed SMA and VAc was successfully grafted to SBR and formed a copolymer(R-OAR);SEM images showed class-like intertexture structure and weaving structure gap occurred in R-OAR can help the oil run into the inner section to make it swell;TG result showed that R-OAR had a better thermal stability than OAR,while its decomposition temperature increased about 50°C.(3)Gel oil absorption resin(G-OAR)was prepared in dimethylbenzene solution by solution polymerization,which is based on octadecyl methyl-acrylate(SMA)and styrene(St.)as polymeric monomer,azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN)as initiator,divinylbenzene(DVB)as cross-linking agent and ethyl acetate(EA)as pore-forming agent.The effect of monomer ratio and the amount of AIBN,DVB and EA on absorption properties was investigated,while the structure,thermal stability and microstructure of G-OAR were characterized by FTIR,TG and SEM,and the effect of solubility parameter on absorption and the removal of oil slick were still studied.The results showed that when the monomer ratio was 1.5:1,the dosage of AIBN was 1.2wt%,DVB was 1wt%,and EA was 16wt%,the oil absorption ratio reached the maximum which was respectively 12.27g/g,20.81g/g,25.5g/g,35.29g/g for diesel oil,toluene,benzene,carbon tetrachloride;G-OAR was successfully copolymerized by SMA and St;below 350℃,G-OAR has a good thermal stability;the surface of dried resin was pretty smooth,but the other after freeze-drying was a little coarse which seemed like fabric-like distribution;when the solubility parameter of the organic solvent was close to the solubility parameter of OAR,the absorption of the resin in the organic solvent is much higher;in contrast,the absorption is lower,and the resin for ethanol basically does not absorb;compared with the other two high oil absorption resin,G-OAR has stronger removal ability of oil slick.