Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network Design With Considering Carbon Emission Control Under Uncertainties

From the perspective of enterprise costs minimization,the forward logistics and reverse logistics has been integrated,and this new model,which called closed-loop supply chain(CLSC),has many uncertainties which has been considered.At the same time,the carbon emission has been considered as the way to balance the benefit from economy and environmental.What's more,the designer risk appetite is another point must be considered in CLSC network design.Most factors have been considered to optimization the CLSC network,and lay a solid foundation for the operations of the CLSC network.The content of this dissertation are as follows:Firstly,with view to carbon emissions and uncertainties of market(namely transportation cost,quantity demand and recycle quantity),the dissertation studies comprehensively on every node fee of single-cyclic and single-product CLSC as well as site selection of carbon emissions.In accordance with robust optimization,a mixed integer linear programming model with uncertainties including carbon emission cost,of which purpose is the minimum of total supply chain cost,is to be established.Moreover,model optimization under the three uncertain circumstances is respectively calculated.At last,carbon emission capping is analyzed in terms of sensitivity so as to set limits to carbon emission quantity and provide evidence to policy of low carbon utilization subsidies.Secondly,aiming at the network design of multi-echelon and multi-product home appliance supply chain,a CLSC programming model,composed of manufacturers,distributors,customers,collection centers and disposal centers,was built with view to carbon emissions and uncertainties of market(namely transportation cost,quantity demand and recycle quantity).By considering the balance of the total costs for CLSC and the total carbon emission,the optimal network was designed with view the carbon subsidies policy for the customers who use the low-energy product.The results show how the different strength of carbon subsidies affects the green customs proportion as well as the network.The numerical example was used to show the validation of the model,and the results provided important insight for the designer of the network.What's more,it presents theoretical foundation to help government to make carbon subsidies policies based on consumers to realize emission reduction.Finally,the risk management of carbon emissions in the design of CLSC networks was discussed to solve the influence caused by the uncertain quantity demand and recovery rate.A five-echelon CLSC was built and the problem consists of determining the number and location of manufacturing,distribution centers and collection centers to be set as well as the transportation links to be established and the flows.A CLSC model consists of uncertainties and the risk management constraints was purposed,and solved by two-stage stochastic programming with single objection.The numerical example was used to show the validation of the model,and the results provided important insight for the designer to consider the risk management.