The Preparation Of Core-shell Structure Nano Energetic Materials And Research On Their Performance

Because the core-shell structure materials not only can realize controllable adjustment, but also can protect the core materials from the chemical erosion from external environment, solve the some problems, such as agglomeration of nanoparticles, and due to the contact surface between the different solid particles increases, the core-shell structure particles can show the performance that a single nanoparticle or simple mechanical mixing cannot have, the core-shell structure has a good application prospect in Energetic Materials. In this study, AP/Co-MOF core-shell nanocomposites and AP/Fe/Al multi- layer core-shell nanocomposites have been synthesized successfully by two kinds of simple and universal methods, respectively.First, the shell–core nanocomposites of AP/Co-MOF have been synthesized successfully by a facile liquid deposition method at the zero degrees Celsius. Co-MOF nanoparticles have unique advantages, such as high porosity and large specific surface area. Owing to the existence of the shell of Co-MOF nanocatalysts, AP/Co-MOF nanocomposites showed excellent self-catalytic performances for AP thermal decomposition. In particular, AP/Co-MOF nanocomposites with the mass ratio of AP:Co-MOF = 100:4 exhibited the best self-catalytic performance: lowering the decomposition temperature from 410?C to 341?C, increasing the heat release from 584 J·g^-1 to 1142.1 J·g^-1 and decreasing the activation energy from 154.0 kJ/mol to 134.6 kJ/mol.Continue to take advantage of the core-shell structure, according to the principle of heterogeneous nucleation, AP/Fe/Al multi- layer core-shell nanocomposites have been synthesized successfully by the methods of substitution reaction and crystal deposition–precipitation. The AP/Fe/Al multi- layer core-shell nanocomposites also showed excellent catalytic performances for AP thermal decomposition: lowering the decomposition temperature from 451?C to 346?C and increasing the heat release from 588 J·g^-1 to 1147.3 J·g^-1. It has no low temperature decomposition peak appeared and the heat release more concentrated.