Study On Ecological Security Evaluation Of Shennongjia Forest Region

In order to realize ecological safety quantitative evaluation and scientific management of Shennongjia Forest Area,to provide reference for regional economic development and environmental protection,this paper takes Shennongjia Forest Area as the research object,and uses the PSR model combined with the real situation of Shennongjia Forest Area,from the social,economic,environmental and ecological systems and other aspects of the selection of indicators,to establish ecological security evaluation system.Combined with the ecological footprint model,from the biological resources,energy resources,construction land,water resources and other aspects of Shennongjia forest ecological security overall and detailed evaluation.The results showed that:（1）From the results of ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity,it can be seen that the ecological footprint of forest area in 2005-2014 showed a significant ecological surplus status,which indicated that the ecological supply was much larger than the demand.From the ecological footprint of different land use types,cultivated land,forest land,construction land and water resources have been ecological surplus,the water from the ecological surplus into a deficit,energy land in a deficit state.It is particularly noteworthy that the ecological footprint of the waters in 10 years is gradually increasing,the ecological surplus from 2005 to 2009,but the water gradually developed into the present deficit after 2010.In the ecological footprint of the construction,the ecological footprint has been in surplus for 10 years,but it can be seen that the ecological surplus is getting smaller and smaller,down from 0.2739 hm² in 2005 to 0.127 hm² in 2014,has fallen by 53.6%.From the view of ecological pressure and occupancy index,10 years,Shennongjia Forest Area ecological pressure and occupancy index are less than 0.5,indicating that the ecological environment in an ideal state.But also reflects the Shennongjia Forest Area economic development level is relatively backward,in a very poor state.But the ecological occupancy index in ten years is in a state of fluctuating growth,from 0.3836 in 2005 to0.4553 in 2014,increased by 18.7%,indicating that Shennongjia Forest Area’s economy is in a state of continuous growth.In the same period,the ecological pressure index and dynamic change trend of index of ecological possession is roughly consistent,also shows that economic growth at the same time bring challenges to environmental stress.（2）From the calculation results of P-S-R model,it can be seen that the weights of pressure,state and response index are 0.5005,0.2168,0.2827,which indicates that the ecological safety stress index is the most important factor affecting the ecological safety of Shennongjia Forest Area.The ecological stress index of Shennongjia Forest Area declined sharply during the period from 2005 to 2014.The ecosystem status index showed an upward trend in the whole decade,from 0.0491 in 2005 to 0.1382 in 2014,increased by 181%.From the ecological security response index,the overall trend of the decade showed a substantial upward trend,from the initial 0.0714 rose to 0.2265,an increase of 217%,mainly because the government to increase investment in environmental remediation,emission standards,waste water discharge.The ecological security level of Shennongjia forest area has been in the critical safety state,indicating that the ecological security level of Shennongjia Forest Area is relatively stable,but there is a great potential risk.The ecological security index can be divided into two stages:from 2005 to 2008,there is a decline,indicating that the level of ecological security is declining.From 2008 to 2014,there is a gradual upward trend,indicating that Shennongjia Forest Area ecological security level has improved.On the basis of the above results,the paper puts forward the suggestions to improve the ecological security of Shennongjia forest area,and aims to provide the basis for ecological environment construction and economic development.