Bottom-up Fabrication Of Heteroatom Doping Carbon Nanomaterials And Their Application In The Field Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Because of the excessive use of fossil fuels,mankind has faced with a serious crisis of non-renewable energy resources such as coal,oil and natural gas for a long time.Nowadays,the growing global energy demand and an the environmental impacts of fossil fuel combustion increased people’s awareness of environmental protection.People all around the world today are focused on how to solve the problem of energy security and environmental sustainability.In the past two decades,attempts have been made in the development of innovative energy technologies.Fuel cell,the most potential and new type of green energy device,aroused general interest in the research of catalysis today.In the electrochemical cell,the oxygen reduction reaction on cathode is the main reaction,and it determines the efficiency of the fuel cell.The high-cost and poor stability of Pt as the preferred cathode electrocatalysts for the ORR hampers its extensive commercial application.Hence,it is expected that the cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalytic carbon materials should be prepared to replace the Pt-based electrocatalysts.By a one-step pyrolysis treatment,N-and S-doped carbonaceous materials(N-S-C)were obtained.The XRD,SEM,TEM and XPS analysis displayed the presence of N and S in the carbon structure.The LSV,CV,RRDE and i-t methods were employed to evaluate the electrocatalytic performance of the fabricated composites.The experiments showed that the catalyst which was pyrolysed in 900°C possessed superb electrocatalytic activity toward ORR in both alkaline and acidic media.It was found that N-S-C 900 displayed much higher catalytic activity than S-C 900.Meanwhile,our fabricated catalyst(N-S-C 900)had a longterm stability and good tolerance to methanol crossover;We synthesized the precursor of polydivinylbenzene(PDVB)by a solvothermal method.Then,we mixed PDVB with urea and pyrolysed the mixture to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon materials(C-PDVB-N).The CV,LSV,RRDE and i-t methods which were employed to evaluate the electrocatalytic performance of the fabricated composites showed good oxygen reduction reaction performance,excellent methanol resistance and stability in an alkaline medium.