Preparation Of The Biomass-based Porous Carbon Materials And Its Application In The Treatment Of Antibiotic Wastewater

In recent years,the widespread use of medicinal antibiotic has received more and more attention.Antibiotics have been proved to be a new type of organic pollutants with high biological activity and persistence,accumulation etc.,which can cause serious damage to the ecological environment and human health.The antibiotics with biological activity into the water environment have caused some adverse effects including enhancing bacterial resistance,affecting the growth of animals and plants and so on.Thus,it is of great significance to use effective methods to remove antibiotic residues from water environment.Porous carbon materials,a kind of porous carbonaceous material,is widely used in chemical industry,environment,medicine and energy fields due to their large specific surface area,chemical stability,strong mechanical properties and special electrochemical performance.Facing the double pressure of increasing resources and energy depletion and environmental pollution problems,transforming renewable resources to the high added value materials for repair of environmental issues has important practical significance.Biomass material is rich in nature and inexpensive,which is a good precursor material for preparation of carbonaceous material due to it's high carbon content.Therefore,this subject proposed using biomass as a precursor to prepare three kinds of porous carbon materials via combination of template method and KOH activation method for purification of sulfamethazine?SMZ?,tetracycline?TC?,chloramphenicol?CAP?three kinds of antibiotic wastewater.It is an important research topic to establish a new method for the conversion of biomass into porous carbon materials with controllable structure and properties.Specific research contents are as follows:?1?We have prepared the glucose-based porous carbon nanosheets?GPCNS?by low temperature carbonization and KOH activation method using glucose biomass as the carbon precursor,graphite oxide?GO?as structure directing agent.The effects of GO content on the structure,specific surface and adsorption capacity of GPCNS were investigated.The results indicated the GPCNS?GPCNS-1?prepared by adding 1% GO has the highest performance to SMZ,reaching 820.27 mg g^-1,which is higher than that reported in previous literature.And the isothermal adsorption,thermodynamics and adsorption kinetics of GPCNS on SMZ were studied in detail.In addition,the effects of ionic strength,pH and other factors on the adsorption capacity of GPCNS and the regeneration performance of GPCNS were also investigated,indicating GPCNS-1 has a good environmental tolerance.In addition,regeneration experiments showed that GPCNS-1 had good regeneration performance?2?The carbon paper-based porous carbon materials?CPPCMs?were fabricated directly via low temperature carbonization and KOH activation method using cellulose-based carbon paper as carbon precursor.The effects of activation temperature and KOH content on the structure of CPPCMs and the adsorption capacity of TC were explored.The as-prepared CPPCMs at optimal parameters have specific surface area of 3599 m² g^-1 and microporosity of 91.78%.Then,the adsorption properties of optimal CPPCMs for TC were detailedly studied.The results indicated CPPCMs have ultrahigh adsorption capacity for TC up to 1437.76 mg g^-1,which is much higher than that previous reported adsorbents,and has good dynamic performance.?3?The carboxymethyl cellulose-based hierarchical porous carbon?CMCHPCs?was prepared using natural mineral halloysite nanotubes as sacrificial template and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as carbon precursor by KOH activation method for removal of CAP from water environment.Porosity characteristics show CMCHPCs has a micro-meso-macroporous structure with a specific surface area of 2348 m² g^-1.The effects of various factors on the adsorption were investigated,and the isothermal adsorption,adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic properties of the adsorbents were also investigated.The results show the isothermal data accord with the Langmuir model,and the maximum adsorption capacity is 879.68 mg g^-1?318 K?,and the kinetic data are fitting well by pseudo-second-order equation.