Preparation Of The Sacha Inchi (plukenetia Volubilis Linneo) Oil And Protein

Plukenetia volubilis linneo,with the main ingredients being fat,protein,sugar,V_E and mineral elements,is a kind of oil crops that is quite beneficial to health.The oil content of its kernel reaches more than 50%and its protein content reachs 20%.The oil contains substantial amounts of unsaturated fatty acid and is rich in linolenic acid which has the health functions such as low-regulation of blood lipid,prevention of cardiovascular diseases and so on.The protein is also rich in 7 kinds of essential amino acids.Therefore,plukenetia volubilis linneo is a kind of healthy oil crop and has potential value for exploitation.The purpose of this article is to explore the utilization value of the oil and protein in plukenetia volubilis linneo.With a variety of methods,including different preparation methods of the oil and protein,the enrichment preparation of alpha linolenic acid in its oil,the response surface analysis and orthogonal optimization method,this study aims to provide a theoretical basis for the actual production by analysing and detecting the composition and physicochemical characteristics of fatty acid in the grease,making a comparison between different methods.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:（1）The process optimization research of ultrasonic assisted extraction of the plukenetia volubilis linneo oil:with its kernel as raw material and through the single factor test and Box-Behnken response surface method,the optimal conditions of the preparation for its oil by ultrasonic assisted extraction was obtained:solid-liquid ratio13:1 mL/g,extraction temperature 44℃,leaching time 47 min,the fat rate 49.16%.（2）Study on optimization process of the method of supercritical CO₂ extraction to produce plukenetia volubilis linneo oil:with its kernel as material,and through the single factor test and Plackett-Burman test,the main factors of the method of supercritical CO₂ extraction to produce plukenetia volubilis linneo oil were determined.Optimum technological conditions of the production for its oil by supercritical CO₂ extraction was obtained:extraction time 86min,extraction temperature 55℃,extraction pressure 30MPa,CO₂ flow rate 20 L/h,at this time the oil yield was 45.12%。（3）Analysis by Rancimat instrumentat 110℃indicated that the induction time of plukenetia volubilis linneo oil was 0.445 h;at 120℃,the induction time of plukenetia volubilis linneo oil was 0.25 h.It is illustrated that the oil oxidation stability of plukenetia volubilis linneo oil was very poor.This result was related to the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as alpha linolenic acid and linoleic acid.Comparing the basic physicochemical properties of plukenetia volubilis linneo oil produced by different methods,it can be obtained:From the color point of view,the color of the plukenetia volubilis linneo oil produced by traditional pressing and leaching is deeper than by supercritical CO₂ extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction;From the perspective of peroxide value and acid value,the value of plukenetia volubilis linneo oil produced by supercritical CO2 extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction is lower than by traditional pressing and leaching;From the yield point of view,traditional leaching>supercritical CO2 extraction>ultrasonic assisted extraction>traditional pressing（4）Enrichment study on theα-linolenic acid of Sacha Inchi Oil by CO2 SFE:This research was optimized by single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments.The effects which effected the enrich rate were as fellow:Inclusion Temperature>Inclusion Time>Mixing Time>The saturation temperature of saturated solution of urea and methanol.The optimal level contained the the-25℃of inclusion temperature,12 h of inclusion time,2 h of mixing time and 30℃of saturation temperature.The best enrichment ratio ofα-linolenic acid of Sacha Inchi Oil can reach to 80.58%in this process.（5）Optimum extraction condition of Sacha Inchi protein was studied by ultrasonic Alkali-Solution and Acid-Isolation:Taking the ultrasonic leaching Sacha Inchi meal as material,the best process factors were as followed,pH 9.8,1.8h of extraction time and 10:4 mL/g of solid-liquid ratio,the yield of the extraction rate can reach to 75.48%.By glucoamylase enzymatic hydrolyzing of Sacha Inchi protein,the purified protein rate can reach to 90.58%after this process.There were 8 clear straps by SDS-PAGE analyses,the major molecular weigh were 83.7KDa,74.4KDa,45.7KDa,39.9KDa,25.1KDa,20.8KDa,18.5KDa and 11.0KDa.