Study On Extraction Of Cornus Walteri Oil By Aqueous Enzymatic Method And Property

Cornus walteri is a kind of subtropical oil trees in China,both pericarp and seed kernel are rich in fat.The overall oil content of the fruit reached 36%.The composition and content of fatty acids are slightly different in pericarp and seed kernel.In this experiment,Cornus walteri was used as raw material,and the fat content determined by Soxhlet extraction method was used as the standard.The seed of pericarp oil and seed kernel oil are extracted by aqueous enzymatic method,optimize the extraction process conditions to obtain the best process parameters;determine and compare the acid value,peroxide value and color,semell,taste,other physical and chemical indicators of oil which extracted by aquous enzymatic method,organic solvent extraction and squeezing method,contrast the composition of fatty acid in seed kernel oil and pericarp oil,provides a new way for efficiently get of high quality Cornus walteri oil.The main research results as follows:1.Certain the best processes of aquous enzymatic method extracted the Cornus walteri kernel oil.Separated the seeds from the Cornus walteri fruit,crashed the dry seed,use the oil yield as the index,select the useful protease enzyme in aquous enzymatic method.Study the influence of the oil yield,such as the different of extraction temperature,time and material liquid ratio.Orthogonal method is used to further optimize the process parameters and finally get the best technological conditions and parameters for: The optimum technological parameters for extracting oil of fructus velutipes seed kernel oil were as follows: the amount of protease added was 1%,the enzymolysis temperature was 40°C,the enzymolysis time was 3 h,the ratio of solid to liquid was 1:5,and the experimental oil yield was verified based on this condition.It is 35.0%.2.In addition,a single enzyme assay was performed on a single neutral protease,which was combined with cellulase and neutral pectinase to study the effect on the yield of oil.Further demulsification experiments,frozen thawing demulsifier experiment oil yield was 37.0%,secondary demulsification experiment oil yield was 36.2%,heating demulsification experiment oil yield was 35.9%.Frozen thawed demulsifier oil yield increased significantly.3.The process of Cornus walteri pericarp oil extraction in aqueous enzymatic method.Crushed the dry pericarp of Cornus walteri seed,the yield was taken as the index.Cellulase was selected as the best enzyme reagent,and the amount of added enzyme was 1%.The experimental conditions were optimized by the response surface method one the basis of extracting time,extracting temperature and liquid ratio as single factor experiment,get the best technological conditions and parameters: cellulase adding amount was 1%,the extraction temperature is 50℃,extracting 3 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1:4,under the condition of the Cornus walteri seed pericarp oil extraction rate was 32.8%.4.Determination the physical and chemical index of Cornus walteri oil.Determination the smell flavor,moisture and volatile matter,acid value,peroxide value,iodine value of the oil from aqueous enzymatic method,compare with organic solvent method and squeezing method of Cornus walteri oil,the result show that the aqueous enzymatic method extraction of Cornus walteri meet the national oil standards.Use of GC-MS to analysis and contrast the differences between Cornus walteri kernel oil and Cornus walteri pericarp of seed oil.Results show that in the Cornus walteri kernel oil the main fatty acid composition of linoleic acid(58.53%),oleic acid(22.10%),palmitic acid(11.14%),oleic acid(3.69%),different stearic acid(2.56%),palmitoleic acid(1.98%).The Cornus walteri pericarp of seed oil are composition of the linoleic acid(23.54%),oleic acid(20.55%),oleic acid(19.39%),hexadecanoic acid(14.95%),palmitoleic acid(14.88%),linolenic acid(3.11%),stearic acid(2.04%).Compared with organic solvent method for Cornus walteri oil fatty acid content is slightly different.The effective components of ω-7 unsaturated fatty acids(palmitoleic acid and isooleic acid)are mainly found in the oil of hairy seed oil,with a content of 35.43%.