Evaluation On Effect And Benefit Of Typical Mine Ecological Restoration

The evaluation of ecological restoration effect is an important part of ecological restoration project,and also an important means for the ecological restoration to provide feedback information,to further adjust and improve the recovery program.Although domestic and foreign scholars have done a series of related research on mine ecological restoration,there has not yet formed a recognized evaluation methods and systems.How to scientifically and accurately evaluate the effect and benefit of mine ecological restoration is still a hot and difficult problem in the field of ecological restoration theory and applied subject.This paper choosed Jiaozuo Fengshan Park as research area,through the methods of combining field investigation,remote sensing image interpretation analysis,laboratory testing and field survey,systemly carry out the study area vegetation cover,soil physical and chemical properties,plant biomass and productivity and other ecological restoration effect evaluation,based on which,constructing the ecological recovery benefit evaluation index system for the ecological benefit evaluation of mine ecological restoration.The study draws the following main conclusions:?1?The land use landscape of the study area is diverse,and the landscape type is dominated by forest land.The influence of human economic activities plays a leading role in the formation of land use landscape pattern.Due to the artificial planning and construction of the study area,there is a certain degree of dispersion in the landscape.For example,non-vegetation types contain most of the need to disperse:the distribution of artificial trails,open pavilions,trash,etc.,so that the degree of high degree of fragmentation of the landscape.In several vegetation types,the degree of fragmentation of grassland and shrubbery is high.?2?The main vegetation types of Fengshan Park are the evergreen coniferous forest,deciduous broad-leaved forest,coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest,shrub and grassland,among them,the evergreen coniferous forest area is the largest,reaching 21.67 hm²,accounting for 46.36%of the total garden area.The vegetation coverage rate of the park is 87.55%.?3?Compared with the control point,the soil pH and the conductivity value of the vegetation restoration area decreased significantly.The soil organic matter in 0-10cm soil layer of vegetation restoration area increased by 0.7-1.77 times compared with the control area,The soil organic matter in 10-20cm soil layer increased by 0.2-1.45 times compared with the control area,and the improvement effect was obvious.Shrimp forest has the most obvious improvement of ammonium nitrogen,and the effect of nitrate nitrogen was the most obvious in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest,?the content of 0-10cm and 10-20cm was 5.51 times and 4.39 times of control area.?The available phosphorus content of 0-10cm and 10-20cm in deciduous broad-leaved forest was 4.13 times and 4.45 times higher than that in control area,respectively.In the full effect of nutrient indicators,the content of soil total K was improved most significant,which in recovery area were higher than 25g/kg,about 2times the control point content,indicating that the recovery area of potassium is abundant.The depth variation characteristics of soil nutrient content showed that the content of soil decreased with the increase of depth,except soil total P increased with the increase of depth.?4?The main results of soil restoration showed that the restoration effect was the best,and the restoration effect of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest was the worst,and the restoration effect of evergreen coniferous forest,deciduous broad-leaved forest and shrub forest was the middle.But the soil physical and chemical properties of five vegetation types were better than the control point,indicating that vegetation restoration can improve soil fertility,but the improvement effect is related to vegetation type.?5?The results of sampling survey showed that the vegetation biomass increased significantly after ecological restoration in Fengshan Park,among which the average annual productivity of shrubbery was 7.15 t/?hm²·a?,followed by deciduous broad-leaved forest(6.51 t·hm^-2·a^-1),then are evergreen coniferous forest(5.06t·hm^-2·a^-1),coniferous and broad-leaved forest(3.83 t·hm^-2·a^-1),grassland(2.69t·hm^-2·a^-1).Biodiversity increased,full garden richness index of 32,diversity index3.170,higher than any other plant type,which reflects the accumulation of species richness.?6?Vegetation restoration can improve soil quality and improve soil fertility.At the same time,the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties is one of the test results of vegetation restoration effect.Soil restoration effect is related to vegetation restoration effect,soil restoration and vegetation Recovery is complementary.The diversity index is high,but the evenness index and the dominance index are low,which indicates that the plant species are even and evenly distributed,and there is no obvious dominant species,which is beneficial to the stability of the ecological community.?7?Based on the research on the present situation of ecological restoration and ecological evaluation of mine in China,combined with the characteristics of Fengshan Park,built by the support function,adjustment function,cultural function of three types and biodiversity conservation benefit,photosynthetic oxygen release efficiency,water conservation Benefit,soil and water conservation benefits,nutrient accumulation benefit,photosynthetic carbon sequestration benefit,leisure and recreation benefit eight indicators of ecological efficiency evaluation index system.?8?The results of quantitative evaluation of ecological benefits show that the value of biodiversity conservation,water conservation,soil and water conservation,nutrient accumulation,purification of atmosphere,photosynthetic carbon sequestration,photosynthetic oxygen release and leisure recreation benefit are are 281.8 thousand yuan/a,801.2 thousand Yuan/a,118.89 million yuan/a,2.92 million/a,161.12thousand yuan/a,504.5 thousand yuan/a,306.9 thousand yuan/a,and 82.5 million/a,which constitute the total value of the ecological benefits of the mountain park up to99.37 million/a.