Research Of Developing A Model About The Relationship Between The Attitudes Toward Old People And The Cognitive About Ageing

Objective: To understand the attitudes toward old people of the caregivers in the pension agency and their cognitive about ageing(measuring knowledge about ageing and attitudes to aging),and to develop the structure equation model of the attitudes toward old people and the cognitive about ageing;To explore the interaction between variables,and to examine the influence of cognitive about ageing on attitudes toward old people among the caregivers in the Pension agency;which lay the foundation for intervention study in the further,promote the construction of service team about aged care and provide the theoretical framework of any intervention to for stabilizing the quality of aged care service.Methods: The investigative study employed cross-sectional designed in this study.A stratified-cluster method was adopted.200 caregivers in elderly homes were recruited on the basis of the number of pension agency beds in Shijiazhuang.Using questionnaire method to collection data,including demographic data,Koga’s Attitudes towards Old People Scale(KAOP),Facts on Aging Quiz(FAQ)and the Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire(AAQ).The survey data was collected and sorted with double entry way using EPi Data3.1.Statistic Description,non-Parametric test and the Spearman rank correlation test were conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS)software,version 19.0 for windows.Construction,modification and evaluation of structure equation were conducted using Analysis of Moment Structure(AMOS)software,version 22.0 for windows.Results:1 The score of attitudes towards old people was 152.12±19.74;the score of negative attitude was 75.08±14.41 and the score of positive attitude was77.04±11.41.It was higher than the medium level,tending to be positive.2 Non-parametric test showed that the nurse certificate,degree of education and the satisfaction about work environment had significant influence on score of negative attitude(P<0.05),even employment way,work seniority and wage income(P<0.01);The work seniority and position had significant influence on score of positive attitude(P<0.05),even nurse certificate,work unit character,marital status and degree of education(P<0.01);The pension caregiver certification and degree of love for work had significant influence on the average score of attitudes towards old people(P<0.05),even the nurse certificate,marital status,degree of education,employment way,work seniority and environment(P<0.01).3 The Spearman rank correlation test showed that general attitude toward aging,the attitude toward self-aging,psychosocial loss and growth,the score of attitudes toward aging and the ageing knowledge were positive correlated with attitudes towards old people and their positive level;only the ageing knowledge was positive correlated with the negative attitude.4 The model had a good fit,showing χ~2/df<2,CFI、IFI were above 0.90,GFI>0.90,RMSEA<0.05。Path analysis showed the ageing knowledge had positive significant effect on negative attitude toward old people,the standardized regression coefficient was 0.405(P<0.01),but psychosocial growth had positive significant effect,the standardized regression coefficient was -0.197(P<0.05);The ageing knowledge,psychosocial loss and growth had positive significant effect on positive attitude toward old people,the standardized regression coefficients were 0.349、0.209 and 0.324,P<0.05.5 The model having pension caregiver certification had a good fit,but the model not having pension caregiver certification was general.Path analysis showed the ageing knowledge of the caregiver having certification had positive significant effect on both positive and negative attitude,but psychosocial growth just had negative significant effect on negative attitude;Psychosocial growth of the caregiver not having certification had positive significant effect on positive attitude.Conclusion:1 The attitudes toward old people and the attitudes to aging of the caregivers in the pension agency are positive better than intermediate level;The knowledge about ageing is in moderate level.2 The Factors that affect attitudes toward old people are nurse certificate,pension caregiver certification,degree of education,marital status,work unit character,employment way,work position,work seniority,work wage income,degree of love for work and satisfaction of work environment.3 The model has a good fit,showing the knowledge about ageing has positive significant effect on the attitudes toward old people,psychosocial loss and growth has positive significant effect on the positive attitudes,but psychosocial growth has negative significant effect on the positive attitudes.4 The knowledge about ageing of the caregiver having certification has positive significant effect on both positive and negative attitude,butpsychosocial growth has negative significant effect on negative attitude;psychosocial growth of the caregiver not having certification has positive significant effect on positive attitude.