The Effect And Mechanism Of Different Intensity Treadmill Exercise On GLUT₄ Translocation Of Skeletal Muscle In Diabetic Rats

2 Type diabetes has become recognized worldwide as the most serious chronic diseases, patients is rising year by year, the complications of death and the number of malignant tumors of the same. Exercise can lower blood sugar and accelerate muscle glycogen synthesis.GLUT₄ as skeletal muscle glucose transporters for glucose from the extracellular space transport into the muscle cells, thereby regulating the balance of metabolism.Experimental aim: diabetes is a metabolic disease, regardless of type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes there are defects in insulin action, the surrounding tissue can not be effectively utilize glucose. In the surrounding tissue, the main use tissue glucose is skeletal muscle tissue.GLUT₄ skeletal muscle glucose transporter transporter, exercise can promote the utilization of glucose in skeletal muscle tissue and increased glycogen synthesis, GLUT₄ protein increased, decreased blood glucose. In this paper, by experimental diabetic rat model was established, with different intensity treadmill exercise program to train in diabetic rats and observation of different intensity Movement on rats blood glucose, serum insulin, insulin sensitivity index, and on rat skeletal muscle PI₃ K protein kinase content and GLUT₄ gene expression changes of indexes related to weight and muscle glycogen content. Aimed at by the kind of strength exercise can better promote GLUT₄ gene expression, in order to improve insulin resistance, and find out the related transport mechanism, more scientific use exercise in the treatment of diabetes.Experimental Methods: the adult male Wistar diabetic rats as the research object, by feeding with high fat and high sugar diet（10% sucrose, 10% lard, cholesterol 5%）. After 4 weeks, fasting 12 hours or more, a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin（STZ） prime（STZ） way to establish rat diabetes model. Training scheme for in Bedford scheme based on were improved with different intensities in rats treadmill exercise program, Cgroup rat don’t exercise, cage free life feeding. Exercise group rats on a treadmill after adaptive training, El rats according to 15 m/min speed. Once a day for 30 Min; EM group rats according to 25 m/min speed movement, daily 30 min; eh group rats to 25 m/min speed began to exercise, 20 min on the first day, daily treadmill speed was increased 1 m/min, until 30 m/min termination. The rats every 6 days rest day, a total of 6 weeks of exercise. After the end of the training, after fasting and sacrificed for measurement of blood glucose, insulin radioimmunoassay kit to measure the content of serum insulin, skeletal muscle PI₃ K protein kinase content was measured with a PI₃ K protein kinase ELISA Kit by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR（RFQ-PCR） method for the determination of rat skeletal muscle glucose transport protein 4 gene expression in rat skeletal muscle glycogen content was determined by anthrone method. Experimental results:（1）To determine the establishment of rat model of type II diabetes indicators of success: from behavior on the rats appeared to eat, drink, polyuria, state; compared with the control group, weight growth is relatively slow, the individual will appear weight loss and other symptoms, and their blood sugar levels in 11.2-16.7mmol/L between.（2）Compared with the diabetic group, the blood glucose of the diabetic group decreased significantly（P < 0.05）, and the blood glucose of the low intensity exercise group was significantly decreased（P < 0.01）.（3）Compared with diabetic group, the expression of GLUT₄ gene expression in skeletal muscle of diabetic exercise group was significantly higher（P < 0.05）, especially in the low intensity exercise group was significantly higher than that in the DM group.（4）Compared with the diabetic control group, exercise of different intensity of the rat serum insulin decreased significantly（P < 0.05）, insulin sensitivity index was significantly increased（P < 0.05）; diabetic rat skeletal muscle PI₃ K protein content increased significantly（P < 0.05）; the muscle glycogen content increased significantly（P < 0.01）. The low intensity exercise on the above index has extremely significant effect（P < 0.01）. Experimental conclusion:（1）Wistar rats（grade SPF） after injection of STZ were used to conduct the behavioral judgment. The results of physiological and biochemical indexes can be proved, and the animal model of type 2 diabetes was successfully established.（2）The blood glucose of diabetic rats was decreased by different intensity treadmill exercise, and the effect of low intensity treadmill exercise was the best.（3）Different intensity of exercise on the skeletal muscle of diabetic rats GLUT₄ transport have varying degrees of impact, the effect of low intensity exercise is the most significant, which is conducive to the transfer of GLUT₄.（4）Low intensity exercise can improve insulin sensitivity index, which makes ins and membrane receptor binding capacity increased, induced phosphorylation of IRS-1, and start the PI₃K-PKB signaling, on the one hand, promote the synthesis of glycogen. On the other hand induced GLUT₄ from intracellular transferred to cell surface, promote the cell uptake of glucose and reduce blood sugar, insulin secretion decreased.