| Part1 Upregulation of Paxillin expression associates with lymph node metastases of prostate cancerObjective: To analyze Paxillin expression in prostate cancer tissues for association with clinicopathological features and lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer.Methods: A total of 386 tissue specimens from prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between January 2008 and January 2013 were collected for construction of tissue microarray and subsequently subjected to immunohistochemical staining of Paxillin expression. 60 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) tissue specimens were collected randomly for control. We analyze the relationship between Paxillin expression and clinical pathological parameters of patients with prostate cancer. The Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between Paxillin expression and the risk of lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer.Results: 1. Paxillin was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of positive cells and the rates Paxillin expression were 76.9% and 31.7%, respectively, in prostate cancer and BPH tissues(P<0.01). 2. Paxillin expression was not associated with age(P>0.05),but was associated with preoperative prostate specific antigen(PSA) level, Gleason score, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, positive surgical margin, extracapsular extension, and seminal vesicle invasion(all P<0.05). 3. Logistic regression analysis showed that Paxillin and Gleason score were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer(P<0.05); Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve indicated that Paxillin expression(AUC = 0.723) had a better accuracy to predict prostate cancer lymph node metastasis than Gleason score(AUC = 0.629), while their combination could further enhance the prediction accuracy(AUC = 0.766).Conclusion: Paxillin protein was significantly upregulated in prostate cancer tissues compared to that of BPH tissue. Paxillin expression was an independent predictor for lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer. High expression of Paxillin indicate the high risk of invasion and lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer. Paxillin combined with Gleason scores can be used as significant reference for pelvic lymph nodes dissection in radical prostatectomy.Part2 Upregulation of Paxillin expression associates with biochemical recurrence-free survival of prostate cancerObjective: To assess Paxillin expression for association with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.Method: A total of 231 tissue specimens from prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between January 2008 and January 2013 were collected for analyzing the association between Paxillin expression and biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. Inclusion criteria: PSA fell to and below0.1 ng/ml at the first month after surgery. Exclusion criteria: positive lymph node metastasis, lack of follow-up data, as well as accepted adjuvant endocrine therapy or radiotherapy before BCR. The follow-up time is scheduled: clinical examination and serum PSA test at the first month after surgery, then every 3 months for two years, and semiannually thereafter. The time of biochemical recurrence was recorded or to the last follow-up date(November 2015). Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression analysis were performed to evaluate the association between Paxillin expression and biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.Results : Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed high Paxillin expression was associated with a shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival time compared to low Paxillin expression(Log-rank P < 0.01). COX regression analysis showed that high Paxillin expression, Gleason score and T stage indicated early biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy(P < 0.05).Conclusion: High expression of Paxillin indicates early biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. |
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