Study On Job Burnout Between Nurses And Physicians And Its Related Factors

ObjectiveTo analyze whether ward nurses' burnout status is different from physicians',and to find the burnout-related factors and the decision factors that cause the difference,if existed,from perceived stress,anxiety,depression and emotion regulation in a top three hospital.To propose effective suggestions in improving the health workers' job status from a new point.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study.The clinical nurses and physicians in the same ward from a top three hospital in Shandong Province were recruited,and they were tested by the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,and were also informed.Participants filled out the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey(MBI-HSS),the Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-4),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ),socio-demographic characteristics and job-related characteristics.A total of 924 participants were recruited,including 705 nurses and 219 physicians.SPSS 23.0 was used in this study.Descriptive analyses were used to describe the general information;univariate analyses were used to compare the difference on job burnout,perceived stress,anxiety,depression,cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression between nurses and physicians;bivariate correlated analyses were used to explore the correlation among job burnout,perceived stress,anxiety,depression,cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression;linear and logistic regression analyses using job burnout as dependent variable were conducted to explore the predictive factors to job burnout;and interaction analyses were conducted to find the factor that played moderating effect on the relationship between job and job burnout.Results(1)Physicians' burnout was more serious than nurses':the positive rate of job burnout in all participants was 63.6%,physicians' positive rate of job burnout was 72.6%,and nurses' was 60.9%which was lower than physicians';Physicians' total score of MBI(45.88±19.730)was higher than nurses'(41.27±18.474);the depersonalization score in physicians(7.82±5.568)was higher than in nurses(6.00±5.170);multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses also confirmed that physicians were more easily conduct burnout after covariates controlled.(2)The related factors of MBI total score were age,final education and shift work;the related factors of emotional exhaustion score were age,married status,final education,exercise and department;the related factors of depersonalization score were gender,age,final education and work years;the related factors of personal accomplishment score were age,shift work and department.(3)There was no statistical difference on perceived stress,anxiety,depression,cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression between physicians and nurses.(4)The risk factors of job burnout among medical staff were Profession,shift work,Perceived stress,anxiety,depression and expression suppression;the Protection factor was cognitive reappraisal.(5)There were differences about the related factors to burnout between nurses and physicians:in nurses group,the risk factors were shift work,perceived stress,anxiety and depression,the protection factor was cognitive reappraisal;in physicians group,only perceived stress and anxiety were burnout's risk factors.(6)The moderators in the relationship between occupation and job burnout were perceived stress and cognitive reappraisal:perceived stress played more in physicians'job burnout while cognitive reappraisal played more in nurses' job burnout.Conclusions and suggestionsThis study found that it was in a moderate level that the job burnout among medical staff and the physicians' burnout status was worse than nurses'.The risk factors that influence job burnout were profession,shift work,perceived stress,anxiety,depression and expression suppression,and the protection factor was cognitive reappraisal.In addition,it was perceived stress and cognitive reappraisal that moderated the relationship between occupation and job burnout.We proposed the follow suggestions according to this study's results:(1)Recognizing medical staff's job burnout as early as possible,especially in physicians,and making measures that could target at physicians or nurses to decrease job burnout.(2)Reducing the physicians' stress and training the physicians how to release stress;training the nurses to learn cognitive reappraisal and gain more positive feelings.(3)Arranging work reasonably and rewarding employees appropriately and flexible scheduling.