Patients With Long QT Syndrome Of Electroencephalograms Analysis

ObjectiveThe long QT syndrome(LQTS)is also called bipolar delay syndrome,referring the long QT on electrocardiogram(ECG)accompanied by abnormal T wave and(or)U wave.It is clinically characterized by a group of syndromes including ventricular arrhythmia,syncope and sudden death,epilepsy.EEG is the brain electrical activity of local neurons recorded from the scalp or inside.From the 40 s of the 20 th century,EEG is applied in clinics as a simple,easy,sensitive and noninvasive method of neural electrophysiological examination.EEG can directly monitor brain activity reflecting neuronal function and thus playing an important role in the early diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of disease.EEG was analyzed in patients with long QT syndrome to investigate the characteristics of EEG activity exploring its possible clinical implications.MethodsFrom October 2015 to April 2016 the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University 20 cases of long QT syndrome patients were included in current study as experimental group.In this group,the clinical data,EEG monitoring results,ECG examination results,QT interphase and numerical QTc were recorded.20 cases of healthy personnel for physical examination were treated as control group.The clinical data and EEG monitoring results were also recorded in this control group.There were11 male cases and 9 female cases,aged 39-80,average age of(66.9 ± 9.9).11 males in healthy controls,9 cases of female,aged 36-78,the average age of(60.6 ± 10.4).Two groups of gender,age difference is no statistical significance(P>0.05).EEG wasrecorded in 20 patients with long QT syndrome and 20 healthy controls and the results were compared and analyzed.According to the degree of abnormal EEG diagnostic criteria,EEG were divided into four classes: normal,mild abnormal,moderate abnormal,severely abnormal.For all the subjects,12-lead electrocardiogram inspection was conducted.QT interphase was the distance caculated from the base of QRS complex to T wave end point.If the T wave end is difficult to observe,T wave hits the steepest draw a tangent,with tangent intersection as T wave end of baseline.For patients with atrial fibrillation,because of R-R interphase is definitely not the same,the longest R-R between the interphase and the shortest R-R phase of QTc were calculated respectively,and then averaged.QTc=QT/R-R,When the QT > 0.44 s it was considered long QT.SPSS17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsEEG was found abnormal in 17 out of 20 cases with long QT syndrome,the abnormal rate was 85%.But EEG was found abnormal in 2 out of 20 normal control cases,the abnormal rate was 10%.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The abnormal EEG presented as increase of slow waves(θ and δ waves)and decrease of rapid wave(β wave)and α waves.But no epileptic waves(spike waves or spike-slow waves)were found in all patients with long QT syndrome.ConclusionThe patients with long QT syndrome are dramatically more prone to have abnormal EEG activities than healthy controls.This indicates that the arrhythmia and epilepsy caused by ion channel dysfunction may have a co-pathogenesis.