| BackgroundVitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disease of the skin and mucous membrane.It affects 0.5% ~1% population worldwide,there is no geographical differences and gender differences,most patients suffering from the disease in adolescence.According to the 2012 Vitiligo Global Issues Consensus Conference(VGICC),vitiligo generally can be divided into four clinical types: segmental type,non-segmental type,mixed type and unclassified type(formerly known as limited type).In the clinical work,the non-segmental type,mixed type,and unclassified type were referred to as the usual type.At present,the domestic study on the clinical characteristics of segmental vitiligo is less.ObjectiveThe clinical data of patients with vitiligo were collected to analyze the clinical characteristics of segmental vitiligo and usual vitiligo,and to understand the clinical characteristics of segmental vitiligo.Materials and methodsThe clinical and epidemiological data of patients with vitiligo who were treated in our hospital from October 1,2014 to September 30,2015 were collected using a unified design of the vitiligo epidemiological questionnaire.Criteria:(1)Selected patients were diagnosed deputy chief physician specialists,and the exclusion of other hypopigmentation disorders;(2)Clinical diagnostic criteria refer to the diagnostic criteria in the "Clinical Dermatology" edited by Zhao Bian;(3)The patient’s area,race,sex,age is not limited.Exclude patients with incomplete data records.A total of 1015 cases of qualified vitiligo patients were collected,including 123 cases of segmental type,892 cases of usual type(724 cases of non-segmental type,28 cases of mixed type,140 cases of unclassified type).The collected and collated information was input into the Social Science Software Package SPSS 20.0 for statistical analysis.Results1.There were 123 patients with segmental vitiligo,accounting for12.1% of all patients.Including 59 males and 64 females,theincidence rate of male to female was 0.92: 1.The average age ofonset with segmental vitiligo patients was 16.30 ± 11.59 years old.The average age of patients with usual vitiligo was 22.24 ± 14.80years old,the difference was statistically significant(t = 5.128,P<0.01).69.9% of the segmental patients were affected before 20years.Face and neck were the most common sites,followed by thetrunk.2.There were no significant differences in the age of onset,lesion location,lesion area,incidence season and pathogenesis factors between male and female segmental vitiligo patients.3.Unilateral segmental vitiligo is the most common type,accounting for 91.9%.Skin lesions involving the left and right side of the body has no significant difference.4.The average age of patients with segmental vitiligo associated with autoimmune diseases(25.11± 13.27)was greater than those without autoimmune diseases(15.17± 10.79),the difference was statistically significant(t=3.226,P=0.009).5.12 cases(9.8%)of segmental vitiligo patients had a positive family history.Patients with family history had an average age of onset (13.60 ± 10.18)compared with those without family history(16.60± 11.74),but the difference(t = 0.953,P = 0.357)was not statistically significant.There is no significant difference in the onset site,the onset of the season,skin lesions and other aspects.6.Compared with usual vitiligo,segmental vitiligo had a significantly lower incidence of a positive family history,and wasrarely associated with halo nevus,leukotrichia and other autoimmune diseases(P<0.05).Conclusions1.There was no significant difference in clinical characteristics between male and female segmental vitiligo patients.2.Unilateral segmental vitiligo is the most common type,skin lesions involving the left and right side of the body has no significant difference.3.Compared with usual vitiligo,segmental vitiligo had an earlier age of onset,significantly lower incidence of a positive family history,and was rarely associated with halo nevus,leukotrichia and other autoimmune diseases. |
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