The Research On Executive Functions In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder In Dual-task Situations

Objective: Comparison of children with auti sm in dual-task situation of executive function,to explore the differences between autistic children and normal children’s executive function,disease of risk factors for autism,and in further put forward training suggestions for autistic children.Method: Use self delay task,object reversal,working memory cards,mental rotation task,day/night stroop and hand game to test 48 children with autism and 48 normal children whose age and sex both matched,and set up the high and low audio groups as dual task detection mode.Analyses children with autism’s dual task processing ability,and the difference of executive function between autistic children and normal children.Using Logistic regression anal ysis of risk factors for autism.Using one-way ANOVA analysis to compare children’s executive function between different autism rehabilitation institutions.Results:(1)The difference between Autistic children and normal children in executive function score and the amount of time were significant.(P < 0.05)⑵ Autistic children executive function tasks in high and low audio groups show no difference between scores(P > 0.05),the amount of time show difference,autistic children need more time to complete the task with high audio stimulation(P < 0.05);(3)Working memory,mental flexibility and inhibitory can be used to predict executive function score(β= 1.864,P < 0.001;β= 0.323,P < 0.05;β= 0.978,P < 0.05);(4)Inhibitory control score of children with autism in 5-6 years old under low audio stimulation is significantly higher than 7-8 years old group(P < 0.05),working memory score of children with autism in 3-4 years group under high audio stimulation is significantl y less than 7-8 years old group(P < 0.05);⑸ Different rehabilitation institutions have difference in mental flexibility and executive function scores in low audio situation(F = 7.567,P < 0.001;F = 5.156,P < 0.05);⑹ Prenatal exposure to toxic chemicals [2.309(2.035 49.772)],multiple pregnancies production [1.158(1.296 7.821)] and the history of neonatal hypoxic rescue [2.135(0.923 77.392)] may be risk factors for the onset of autism.Conclusions:(1)Executive function of children with autism is significantly weaker than normal children,the more severe symptoms,the weaker executive function;⑵ Autistic children’s dual-task processing ability is weak,high audio stimulation will significantly affect their executive function;(3)Autistic children’s inhibitory control ability may develop at 5-6 years old and working memory may develop at 7-8 years old;(4)Autistic children’s executive function varies between different institutions: shall strengthen the management and training of autism rehabilitation institutions,promote institutions’ autism rehabilitation training ability;⑸ Prenatal exposure to toxic chemicals,multiple pregnancies production and neonatal hypoxia rescue are risk factors for the incidence of autism.Suggestions:(1)Strengthen and improve the autism rehabilitation system’s management,raising rehabilitation insti tutions level of business and training ability;⑵ Cultivating autistic children’s ability in dual-task,and strengthen the rehabilitation training of autistic children’s executive function,besides,high audio stimulation can be used as a conditioning correct inappropriate behavior of children with autism;(3)The government,hospitals,communities and other health organizations should widely publicized the knowledge of autism,help the pregnant away from risk factors of autism spectrum disorder.