Analysis Of Chemical Components And Pharmacological Activities Of Testis Et Penis Cervi

Deer whip(Testis et Penis Cervi)is a valuable and traditional Chinese medicine.It refers to dry Penis with testes of sika deer(Cervus Nippon)and red deer(Cervus elaphus)in the cervid family.Deer whip has rich chemical composition,extensive pharmacological activities and higher application value.But now study of deer whip composition and pharmacology is not enough indepth that there are few researches and reports on its effective composition and the main mechanism of pharmacological action.Based on different deer whips and different parts of different deers,this paper analyzes the differences betwween principal component content and pharmacological activities to provide powerful references for screening medicinal composition,pharmacology and efficacy on biological activity of the deer whip.Researches and Developments have a guiding significance of its clinical application and substitutes,to provide important basis on new products and new areas for further development and utilization.This study tests and analyzes the main extract(ether extract,alcohol extract and water extract)and nutrients(protein,polysaccharide,phospholipids and hormone)of deer whip of red deer in New Zealand and Europe and sike deer for principal component research.The results show that the content of the alcohol extract has the highest extraction rate in deer whip and water extract times,and ether extract is the least.Water-soluble protein of red deer whip in New Zealand is highest.Polysaccharides and phospholipid of Sike deer whip is highest.The levels of testosterone and estradiol in Sike deer whip are far higher than other deer whips.And 2 kinds of principal component analysis is extracted,that there are water extract,ether extract,soluble protein,estradiol,alcohol extract and polysaccharide as mainly first component,accounted for 71.214% to basic reflect the main deer whip information.Testosterone,progesterone and phospholipids are second principal component.Differences on component content determine quality of the different deer whips,for providing a theoretical basis on quality evaluation of deer whip.It analyzes and determines principal component and nutrients content in eachpart of three deer whips that there are the main extract,soluble protein,polysaccharide and phospholipids.The results show that the extract rates in alcohol extract is the highest,water extract times,and ether extract is the least in different parts of deer whips.And the content of soluble protein is the most on testis of deer whip in the New Zealand and its on the glans penis of sike deer is the least.But the content of polysaccharides and phospholipids are the highest on testis of sike deer,and its on the glans penis of European red deer whip are the least.The extract and nutrient content of three deer whips has the same trend,which is testis> stem > glans penis.Testis become the main part on nutritions of differents deer whips.At the same time,the principal component is analyzed 2 kind of main parts,that the first principal component are water-soluble protein,ether extract,alcohol extract and water extract for the main nutrients in each part of the deer whip.Second principal component are polysaccharide and phospholipids.The results provide a theoretical basis for its medicinal parts,reasonable development and utilization of deer whip.It determines antioxidant activity of water extract and alcohol extract in vitro from different parts of three deer whips by the methods of total reducing power,DPPH and ABTS,hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion.The results show that both have great antioxidant activity,but water extract is stronger than alcohol extract.The oxidation resistance of aqueous extract on testis of deer whip is the strongest on DPPH and ABTS removal ability.Sike deer is stronger than other two deer whips and has stronger antioxidant ability.The alcohol extract on testis of sike deer in removing hydroxyl free radicals and the aqueous extract on testis of red deer whip in the removal of super oxygen anion ability is stronger.In this paper,it is study that the main ingredients(ether extract,alcohol extract,water extract,protein and polysaccharide)of three deer whip have effected cells growth and toxicity in human embryonic kidney(HEK293)and have protective effects on cell damage induced by cisplatin.Results that it is concluded that the main components of the three deer whip are non-toxic,for growth of HEK293 cells survival rates: aqueous extract?protein?polysaccharide?alcohol extract?ether extract,and the effect of sika deer whip is best.At the same time,the main components of the deer whip has certain protective effect to cisplatin injuried HEK293.The effect of water extract is the best,to improve the survival rate and cell damage.By further determination on best effective and protective composition processing intracellular antioxidant injury index,the results show that damage cell had been elevated the content levels of SOD and GSH,and declined the content levels of MDA and LDH levels after treatment.It descripes the water extract of deer whip can improve oxidative stress damage of cells,and protective mechanism may be related to oxidative stress,for providing a theoretical basis on the clinical application of deer whip and protection by cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity.In this paper,there is comparison to protective effects on the water extract of New Zealand whip and sike deer whip by cisplatin induced acute kidney injury in mice.It is found deer whip can obviously improve the condition of kidney injury in mice.The protection effect on the water extract of sike deer is better than its of New Zealand red deer,and a dose-dependent relationship.Body quality,kidney index,food,drink and activity have been all increased,but the content of serum and kidney of BUN and CRE has been cut down,elevated the levels of MDA,dropped the levels of GSH and SOD,which did not return to normal levels.Combined with kidney pathology slice,it can further improve glomerular,renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis and hemorrhage pathological phenomena.Studies have shown that the deer whip has protective effect on renal injury,and the mechanism may be closely related to the role of free radicals and oxidative stress.In this paper,we study the effect of fatigue by alcohol extract of New Zealand red deer whip and sike deer whip in mice.The results show that two deer whip can both obviously prolong the swimming time in mice,increase exercise endurance and stress adaptive capacity.They improve liver and muscle glycogen content and the activity of LDH in the movement of mice,accelerate the decomposition of lactic acid and reduce the content levels of BLA,BUN in serum and MDA in liver tissue in the movement of mice.At the same time,the levels of SOD and GSH have been increased.It shows that two deer whips have significant anti-fatigue effect,which the anti-fatigue effect on red deer whip is better.