| Objective:To investigate the sleep status and related factors of the elderly in the communi-ty,and to provide evidence for the promotion of healthy sleep of the elderly.Methods:Using stratified sampling method,we investigated 6 community population aged 50 and above in Wuxi city from December 2014 to September 2015,with the self-made general population study questionnaire(including gender,age,marital status,educational level,family structure,family atmosphere and economic source),Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale(PSQI),Sleep condition questionnaire,the 12-item general health questionnaire(GHQ-12)and simple cognitive screening questionnaire(Brief Elderly Cognitive Screening Inventory,BECSI).Combined with the corresponding entry in the questionnaire,according to DSM-5 diagnosis of the presence or absence of sleep disorders.To compare sleep status in different age groups and the incidences of sleep disorders with different demographic characteristics,and to explore their influencing factors,the data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 software for statistical description and analysis.Results:1.A total of 1500 questionnaires were issued and 1377 valid questionnaires were returned,with a response rate of 91.8%,with an age of 66.28 + 9.69 years,ranged between 50-94 years.2..In the group aged 60 years or above,the average time of bedtime was 21:02 ± 01:29,and the average sleep time was 33.12 ± 33.47 minutes,and the average number of awakening was 1.84 ± 1.04 times,and the average number of getting-up at nights was 1.88 ± 1.48 times,and the average time of getting-up was 6.33 + 0.93,and the average sleep efficiency was 0.77 ± 0.31,and the average daytime sleep time was 37.28 ± 42.32 minutes,and the average actual sleep time was 6.92 ± 1.49 hours,and the frequency of sleep drug use was 0.41 ± 1.09 times/week.The above mentioned measures in the elderly group were statistically different from those of the group in the presenium(P<0.05).With the increase of age in the elderly group,the time of getting to bed and getting up became more and more early,and the sleep latency was prolonged,and the number of awakening was increased,and the sleep efficiency was decreased,and the actual sleep time was decreased,and the frequency of sleep drug use was increased(P<0.01).3.In terms of Sleep habits,lying in bed for killing time,and going to bed too early,and paying attention to sleep or fear of insomnia,and trying to control sleep/to overcome insomnia,and sleeping during the day,dozing,and worrying about the consequences of insomnia in the elderly group were statistically significantly different from those of the group in the presenium(P<0.05).4.The total scores of PSQI and other factors(except for daytime dysfunction)were higher than those under 60 years of age(P<0.05).5.0f the 1377 valid samples,607 had sleep disorders,with an incidence of 44.08%.Among them,there were 481 cases with sleep disorders in the elderly population aged 60 and over,with a prevalence rate of 47.34%(481/1016),which was significantly higher than that of the pre elderly population(34.90%,126/361).6.Logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=1.371),ages between 70-79 years(OR = 1.589),age of 80 years and older(OR =3.010),living alone(OR=1.943)or large family(OR=1.351),family atmosphere(OR=2.195),living ordinary cottage(OR=2.075),bad sleep habits(OR=2.313)and BMI ≤18.4(OR=2.224)or BMI≥28(OR=1.770)were risk factors of sleep disorders;While frequent outdoor activities(OR=0.572),lack of physical disease(OR=0.737)were protective factors for sleep disorders.Conclusions:1.With the increase of age in the elderly group,the time of getting to bed and getting up became more and more early,and the sleep latency was prolonged,and the number of awakening was increased,and the sleep efficiency was decreased,and the actual sleep time was decreased,and the frequency of sleep drug use was increased.2.The incidence of sleep disorders among the elderly in community is high,and the incidence of sleep disorders gradually was increased with the increase of age,and the incidence of female sleep disorders was higher than that of men.3.The quality of sleep in the elderly was affected by a variety of complex factors,bad sleep habits,poor family status,poor family atmosphere,living alone or large family,lean and obese,etc.might be risk factors for sleep disorders in elderly people;Harmonious family atmosphere,couples living together,good sleep habits,outdoor activities,etc.might be the protective factors of sleep disorders in the elderly.4.The quality of sleep in the elderly is closely related to mental health and cognitive function.5.The community should pay more attention to the sleep status of the elderly,and try to actively encourage the elderly to get rid of bad sleep habits,taking part in outdoor activities and to manage chronic diseases so as to improve the quality of sleep.6.To improve the quality of life of the elderly,clinicians need to choose the best treatment choice for elderly people with sleep disorders. |
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