Correlation Analysis Of Female Reproductive Factors And Metabolic Syndrome In Middle Age And Elderly Men With Natural Menopause

Metabolic syndrome(MS)is a pathological condition in which a variety of metabolic abnormalities accumulate,including central obesity,abnormal glucose metabolism(impaired diabetes or impaired glucose regulation),dyslipidemia(hypertriglyceridemia or low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol)and high blood pressure.The occurrence of MS is the result of the combination of complex genetic and environmental factors.Insulin resistance is the central part of its pathogenesis.As the population ages,the number of women in menopause increases.The prevalence of MS in postmenopausal women is significantly higher than in premenopausal women,and menopausal status is considered as an independent risk factor for MS and each of its components.Due to the high prevalence of MS in postmenopausal women,people pay more and more attention to the effect of reproductive factors on MS in postmenopausal women.However,the conclusions of relevant studies at home and abroad are not the same.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between reproductive factors and the risk of developing MS and its components in middle-aged and elderly women with natural menopause in Zhengzhou City,Henan Province.MethodIn this study,cross-sectional on-site survey data from the Henan section of the “Tumor Risk in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Patients” organized by the Endocrinology Society of the Chinese Medical Association undertaken by this group were used.We used cluster sampling method to select 4484 cases of natural menopause women aged 40 years and above the age in 6 communities in Zhengzhou City,Henan Province.We collected the information of reproductive factors through questionnaire survey,and detected the biochemical indexes at the same time.Metabolic syndrome was defined as the diagnostic criteria for the American National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP)Adult Treatment Panel III(ATP III)modified to Asian characteristics.SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis.All measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.Count data were compared with chi-square test.Comparisons between groups were analyzed by variance.The correlativity of reproductive factors such as menarche age,menopause age,menopause years,pregnancy frequency,parity,and total breastfeeding time with clinical biochemical indicators was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis.Multivariate stepwise regression and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between reproductive factors and MS and its components.All tests were bilateral and P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results1.The prevalence of MS and its components: MS: 2925(65.23%);obesity: 3638(81.13%);hyperglycemia: 2534(56.51%);hypertension: 2691(60.01%);High TG: 1874 cases(41.79%);low HDL-C: 2662 cases(59.37%).2.Spearman rank correlation analysis of reproductive factors and clinical biochemical indicators: Menarche age was positively correlated with waist circumference,total cholesterol(TC),and HDL-C;menopause age was positively correlated with body weight and systolic blood pressure(SBP);duration of menopause was positively related to waist circumference,body mass index(BMI),SBP,TG,Fasting plasma Glucose(FPG),2 hour Plasma glucose(2hPG),and negatively correlated with weight,diastolic pressure(DBP)and HDL-C;number of pregnancy was positively related to waist circumference,BMI,SBP,and 2hPG,negatively correlated with DBP,HDL-C,FPG;parity was positively related to waist circumference,BMI,SBP,TC,low high density Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),FPG and 2hPG,negatively correlated with DBP;total breastfeeding time was positively related to weight,waist circumference,BMI,SBP,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,FPG,2hPG.Positive correlation: P<0.05,r>0;Negative correlation: P<0.05,r<0.3.Comparison of reproductive factors between MS and non-MS patients: The longer menopause time(OR: 1.030,95%CI: 1.022-1.039),the more pregnancies(OR:1.093,95%CI:1.048-1.141),the more parities(OR:1.190,95%CI:1.125-1.258),the longer total breastfeeding time(OR:1.007,95%CI:1.004-1.009),the higher the risk of MS.Menarche age and menopausal age in MS group and non-MS group were not statistically significant(P> 0.05).4.Correlation Analysis of Reproductive Factors and MS Components: the longer menopause time(OR:1.015,95%CI:1.005-1.025),the more number of pregnancies(OR:1.106,95%CI : 1.049-1.167),the more parities(OR:1.228,95%CI:1.143-1.319),the longer total breastfeeding time(OR:1.010,95%CI:1.007-1.014),the higher the risk of obesity.The longer menopause time(OR:1.016,95%CI:1.009-1.024),the higher the risk of low HDL-C.The longer menopause time(OR:1.050,95%CI:1.042-1.059),the more parities(OR:1.190,95%CI:1.128-1.255),the longer total breastfeeding time(OR:1.006,95%CI:1.004-1.008),the higher the risk of hypertension.The longer menopause time(OR:1.029,95%CI:1.021-1.037),the more pregnancies(OR:1.134,95%CI:1.088-1.182),the more parities(OR:1.197,95%CI:1.135-1.262),the longer total breastfeeding time(OR:1.006,95%CI:1.003-1.008),the higher the risk of developing hyperglycemia.The prevalence of high TG was not found to increase with increasing menarche age,menopause age,menopause duration,total breastfeeding time,number of pregnancies and parities.Conclusions1.Long menopause may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome,obesity,low HDL-C,high blood pressure and hyperglycemia in natural menopausal women.2.The number of multiple pregnancies may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome,obesity and hyperglycemia in natural menopausal women.3.Multiple births may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome,obesity,low HDL-C,hypertension and hyperglycemia in natural menopausal women.4.Long total breastfeeding time may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome,obesity,hypertension and hyperglycemia in natural menopausal women.