Study On The Effects Of Different Diopters On Macular Retinal Vessel Density And Thickness Of Myopia

PURPOSETo explore the effect of different diopters on macular retinal vessel density and thickness of myopia by using OCTA.METHODSA total of 64 eyes of 33 subjects(12 male and 21 female),ranging in age from 21 to 31 years,were recruited in this study.The subjects were divided into four groups: low myopia group 12 eyes,moderate myopia group 17 eyes,high myopia group 19 eyes,higher myopia group 16 eyes.The macular region was divided into six parts:the fovea,parafovea,tempo,superior,nasal,and inferior regions.Macular superficial vascular density and retinal thickness were measured.Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software(Version 17.0).All data were expressed as mean ±standard deviation;One-way ANOVA was used to identify the differences for each parameter among the low myopia,moderate myopia,high myopia,and higher myopia groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to identify the correlations between SE,AL,vascular density and retinal thickness for all included subjects.The level of for a P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS(1)In the fovea,vascular density and retinal thickness of the low myopia,moderate myopia,high myopia,and higher myopia groups were 27.75±4.48%、27.37±3.85%、31.62±4.79%、23.95±5.04% and 238.33±13.26um、235.35±22.14um、255.74±15.62um、216.69±17.65 um,Differences among groups were significant(P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between vascular density / retinal thickness and SE(r=0.119、0.221,P>0.05),and AL(r=-0.026、-0.119,P>0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density and retinal thickness(r=0.674,P<0.05).(2)In the parafovea,vascular density and retinal thickness of the low myopia,moderate myopia,high myopia,and higher myopia groups were 56.40±2.48%、55.28±4.10%、53.71±4.48%、50.15±5.04% and 320.42±16.43 um、308.88±18.04 um、316.26±14.37um、294.13±11.01 um,Differences among groups were significant(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density / retinal thickness and SE(r=0.429、0.379,P<0.05),but negative correlation and AL(r=-0.297,-0.274,P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between vascular density and retinal thickness(r=0.199,P>0.05).(3)In the tempo,vascular density and retinal thickness of the low myopia,moderate myopia,high myopia,and higher myopia groups were 55.87±2.85%、54.08±3.99%、52.74±4.16%、49.58±4.86% and309.75±16.71 um、297.53±16.13 um、305.84±14.14 um、285.19±10.78 um,Differences among groups were significant(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density / retinal thickness and SE(r=0.444、0.360,P<0.05),but negative correlation and AL(r=-0.317、-0.305,P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between vascular density and retinal thickness(r=0.186,P>0.05).(4)In the superior,vascular density and retinal thickness of the low myopia moderate myopia,high myopia,and higher myopia groups were 56.45±2.78%、56.96±3.65%、55.13±4.71%、51.38±5.39% and 325.50±16.67um、315.18±20.13um、320.11±13.66um、298.94±12.73 um,Differences among groups were significant(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density / retinal thickness and SE(r=0.374、0.371,P<0.05),but no correlation and AL(r=-0.205、-0.242,P>0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density and retinal thickness(r=0.250,P<0.05).(5)In the nasal,vascular density and retinal thickness of the low myopia,moderate myopia,high myopia,and higher myopia groups were56.40±2.68%、54.99±5.71%、54.17±3.61%、49.84±5.65% and 329.25±18.17um、314.41±20.55um、322.16±15.25um、300.06±12.40 um,Differences among groups were significant(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density / retinal thickness and SE(r=0.394、0.387,P<0.05),but negative correlation and AL(r=-0.257、-0.282,P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between vascular density and retinal thickness(r=0.221,P>0.05).(6)In the inferior,vascular density and retinal thickness of the low myopia,moderate myopia,high myopia,and higher myopia groups were 56.80±2.69%、55.19±3.98%、52.88±6.53%、49.84±5.74% and 323.08±22.26um、308.47±17.20um、317.16±15.78um、292.75±10.69 um,Differences among groups were significant(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density / retinal thickness and SE(r=0.412、0.405,P<0.05),but negative correlation and AL(r=-0.327、-0.322,P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between vascular density and retinal thickness(r=0.104,P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS1.With the increasing degree of myopia and the extension of axial length,The retinal were degenerative changes in the parafoveal,temporal,nasal and inferior regions of the macula.2.There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density and retinal thickness only in the fovea and superior.3.OCTA can safely and conveniently detect the macular retinal vessel density and thickness for providing reference value for evaluating the changes of macular retinal tissue structure in different degrees of myopia...