Application Of Back-Transformation Theory In Translation Of Lengthy Scientific English Sentences

With the development of science and technology and the gradual integration of the global economy, the international science and technology exchanges become more frequent. Therefore, English for science and technology increasingly reveals its importance and it has become a special new field of modern English in many countries. Science and technology are intended to study the development and evolution of external things, and the application of science and technology. In order to accurately describe the causality, conditions and comparison between things, the translation of scientific English sentences requires strict logical thinking. This way of thinking is shown through the linguistic form, so scientific English always contains difficult sentences with large amounts of information. Translation of lengthy scientific English sentences requires clear concepts, correct logic and simple expressions, so the demand for the scientific literature translation is enhanced. This paper, based on the back-transformation theory of Nida, and in combination with the translation practice of two articles about genome of agricultural science and technology in the journal of Nature Genetics, analyzes lengthy scientific English sentences with the five methods of "forward refactor", "backward refactor", "split refactor", "merge refactor" and "mixed-type refactor". Through a structural analysis of lengthy scientific English sentences, we decompose the long sentence into core sentences, and then reconstruct them based on the grammatical structure, cultural characteristics and stylistic features of Chinese science and technology literature. The author showed the translation process to minimize the mistranslation, and improve the efficiency and quality of scientific translation. The strategies proposed by the author will be of great significance in guiding the translation of science and technology literature.