The Visual Expectations Of Face Presenting Location In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

The formation of expectations plays a very important role in adapting to the social envir onment for children.And the nature of the stimulus material has an effect on the participants f or the formation of visual expectations.Many studies have found that people with autism spe ctrum disorder(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)are able to form visual expectation in the tas k of simple behavior.However,when the task is involved in social information,their abilities to form expectations are less than those of normal individuals.Face is a kind of social stimul ation which has a important significance to individuals,so it is likely to be difficult for people with ASD to form visual expectations.In order to explore the attention processing characteristics of children with autism spectrum d isorder in the task of VExP and expectation learning,children with and without autism rangin g in age from three to seven years were selected,and their eye movements were recorded whi le they viewed predictable and unpredictable sequences of stimuli.Experiment 1 explored that the attention processing characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorders in the task of VExP and expectation learning for face and Greeble.The results showed that:(1)the expectation percentage of ASD children is significantly less than the percentage of normal children,and the percentage of ASD children for face is significantly less than the percentage for Greeble,which is the opposite of normal children.(2)the difference under two kinds of presentation is not significant for FD and OL of face in ASD children,but the FD and the OL while ASD children viewed predictable sequences of stimuli is longer than the FD and the OL while they viewed unpredictable sequences of stimuli.Experiment 2 changed the task of VExP and expectation learning for emotional faces including happy face and fear face.The results showed:(1)the expectation percentage of ASD children is significantly less than the percentage of normal children,and their percentage for happy face is significantly less than the percentage for fear face,which is the opposite of normal children.(2)the difference under two kinds of presentation is notsignificant for FD and OL of fear face in ASD children,but the FD and the OL while ASD children viewed predictable sequences of stimuli is longer than the FD and the OL while they viewed unpredictable sequences of stimuli.Thus,ASD children can form position visual expectations for Greeble,but they have difficulty in forming expectations for faces.Moreover,compared with normal children,they a lso have difficulty in forming expectations for emotional faces including happy face and fear face.Nevertheless,ASD children are easier to form the visual expectations for fear faces as th e same as normal children.